Doubling the Space-Time Yield of a Pilot Biogas Reactor with Swine Manure and Cereal Residues by a Closed Loop Feedback Control Based on an Automated Fuzzy Logic Control System

Scherer, Paul; Schreiber, Anja; Arthur, Richard; Antonczyk, Sebastian; Vollmer, Gerhard-Rainer

doi:10.3390/pr10122511

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Despite some process upsets before automating the experimental system, the controller was able to drive the process towards favourable and optimal conditions. A pilot-scale biogas reactor treating solid wastes was switched from manual mode operation to automated operation via fuzzy-logic controller by Scherer et al (2022). The control scheme involved regulating pH, methane composition in biogas and specific gas production rate by manipulating OLR.…”

Section: Meta-heuristics-based Control: Fuzzy Logic and Hybrid Contro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

2024

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The main challenge in wastewater treatment is changing the perception of wastewater as a waste product to be treated or disposed of, and instead seeing it as a source of energy and other valuable byproducts. This approach is in line with the basic principles of a circular economy, which replaces the ‘end-of-life’ concept with reducing, reusing, recycling, and recovering materials in production, distribution and consumption processes. The anaerobic treatment of wastewater aligns with these goals: energy, safe water and nutrients can all be recovered in the process. As a result, the anaerobic process could represent the best mainstream treatment option for domestic wastewater. The development of powerful technologies such as high-rate and membrane reactors is making anaerobic wastewater treatment more viable, especially in cold and moderate climate regions where the process is made more challenging due to the low process efficiency for dilute streams such as domestic wastewaters. Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater: Present Status and Potentialities presents the current state of knowledge and future perspectives of the anaerobic process applied as a mainstream treatment method of domestic wastewater. 12 chapters cover engineering, microbiology, process monitoring and control, sustainability, life-cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis. Topical areas of research, including the fate of microplastics and antibiotic resistance in the treatment line, are also discussed. This book provides all the necessary knowledge to analyse, evaluate, design, and implement anaerobic bioreactors for domestic wastewater treatment, making it essential reading for doctoral and master's students of water treatment subjects, and professionals or researchers in the water sector.

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Section: Meta-heuristics-based Control: Fuzzy Logic and Hybrid Contro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

2024

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Section: Meta-heuristics-based Control: Fuzzy Logic and Hybrid Contro...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process monitoring and control

Rodríguez,

Ahmed

2024

Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

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Anaerobic treatment of municipal wastewater has its own peculiarities given the low organic loading, volatile suspended solid content, and other specifics; however, monitoring and control approaches for sewage anaerobic biological systems share most principles as for industrial wastewater anaerobic treatment. The main key point for stable nominal operation in anaerobic bioreactors is to maintain sufficient active methanogenic biomass in reactors. The loss of methanogenic biomass can occur due to hydraulic washout, insufficient supply of methanogenesis substrates, inhibitions or toxicity including temperature shock. In this chapter, general key aspects when thinking on anaerobic treatment control are presented and discussed, including the most important variables for effective monitoring. Both conventional and more advanced strategies for process control are discussed with an emphasis on the process dynamics and the utilization of the available information from instrumentation to the best possible way.

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Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production

Putra,

Huber,

Gaderer

2023

Adv. Model. and Simul. in Eng. Sci.

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Using renewable energy is increasingly prevalent as part of a global effort to safeguard the environment, with a reduction in $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ CO 2 being one of the primary objectives. A biogas plant provides an opportunity to produce green energy, but its profitability prevents it from being utilized more frequently. A suitable response to this economic issue would be flexible biogas production to exploit fluctuating energy prices. Nevertheless, the complex nature of the anaerobic digestion process that proceeds within the biogas plant and the wide range of substrates that may be utilized as the plant’s feeds make it challenging to achieve flexible biogas production truly. Most plant operators will rely on their experience and intuition to run the plant without knowing exactly how much biogas they will produce with the feed substrate. This work combines a system model estimation and feedback controller to provide an intuitive yet precise feedback control system. The system model estimation represents the biogas plant mathematically, and a total of six distinct approaches have been compared and evaluated. A PT1 model most accurately approximated the step-down and the step-up by the time percentage method, with the Akaike Information Criterion as the primary evaluation criterion for selecting the best model. The downward model was controlled by a discrete PI controller modified with the Root Locus Method and an Anti-Windup scheme, and the upward model was controlled by a state space controller. The quality of the controller was evaluated in both simulation and at the actual biogas plant in Grub, and the controller was able to reduce the biogas production rate approaching the setpoint in the expected period. Furthermore, the developed feedback control system is effortless enough to be installed in many biogas plants.

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Doubling the Space-Time Yield of a Pilot Biogas Reactor with Swine Manure and Cereal Residues by a Closed Loop Feedback Control Based on an Automated Fuzzy Logic Control System

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

Anaerobic Treatment of Domestic Wastewater

Process monitoring and control

Real-world application of a discrete feedback control system for flexible biogas production

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