Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) in antiviral defence in fish and mammals

Chaumont, Lise; Collet, Bertrand; Boudinot, Pierre

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2023.104732

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…PKR . The dsRNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) was the first ISG described, and it represents one of the four eIF2α kinases that respond to stress in mammals [ 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 ]. Although constitutive levels of PKR are present in most cell types, especially in fibroblasts, IFN treatment increases up to 10-fold the amount of PKR in the cell [ 95 , 98 ].…”

Section: Interferon-induced Genes That Block Translation Of Alphavira...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although constitutive levels of PKR are present in most cell types, especially in fibroblasts, IFN treatment increases up to 10-fold the amount of PKR in the cell [ 95 , 98 ]. PKR is one of the main effectors of IFN-α/β, and animals devoid of PKR are much more susceptible to RNA and DNA viruses [ 97 , 98 , 99 ]. PKR plays a dual role as a sensor and IFN effector, owing to the presence of two dsRNA binding motifs (dsRBMs) at the N-terminal of the kinase [ 96 ].…”

Section: Interferon-induced Genes That Block Translation Of Alphavira...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Translational Control of Alphavirus–Host Interactions: Implications in Viral Evolution, Tropism and Antiviral Response

Ventoso,

Berlanga,

Toribio

et al. 2024

Viruses

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Alphaviruses can replicate in arthropods and in many vertebrate species including humankind, but only in vertebrate cells do infections with these viruses result in a strong inhibition of host translation and transcription. Translation shutoff by alphaviruses is a multifactorial process that involves both host- and virus-induced mechanisms, and some of them are not completely understood. Alphavirus genomes contain cis-acting elements (RNA structures and dinucleotide composition) and encode protein activities that promote the translational and transcriptional resistance to type I IFN-induced antiviral effectors. Among them, IFIT1, ZAP and PKR have played a relevant role in alphavirus evolution, since they have promoted the emergence of multiple viral evasion mechanisms at the translational level. In this review, we will discuss how the adaptations of alphaviruses to vertebrate hosts likely involved the acquisition of new features in viral mRNAs and proteins to overcome the effect of type I IFN.

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