Double Soft-Template Synthesis of Nitrogen/Sulfur-Codoped Hierarchically Porous Carbon Materials Derived from Protic Ionic Liquid for Supercapacitor

Abstract

Heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbon materials derived from the potential precursors and prepared by a facile, effective, and low-pollution strategy have recently been particularly concerned in different research fields. In this study, the interconnected nitrogen/sulfur-codoped hierarchically porous carbon materials have been successfully obtained via one-step carbonization of the self-assembly of [Phne][HSO] (a protic ionic liquid originated from dilute sulfuric acid and phenothiazine by a straightforward acid-base neutralization) and the double soft-template of OP-10 and F-127. During carbonization process, OP-10 as macroporous template and F-127 as mesoporous template were removed, while [Phne][HSO] not only could be used as carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur source, but also as a pore forming agent to create micropores. The acquired carbon materials for supercapacitor not only hold a large specific capacitance of 302 F g even at 1.0 A g, but also fine rate property with 169 F g at 10 A g and excellent capacitance retention of nearly 100% over 5000 circulations in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, carbon materials also present eximious rate performance with 70% in 1 M NaSO electrolyte.

Balancing Porosity and Oxygen‐Containing Functionalities of Hierarchically Porous Carbons for Enhanced Capacitive Supercapacitors

“…The other one is at 1588 cm −1 ( G ‐band), indicating an ordered graphite lattice. In addition, the determination of the I D / I G ratio indicates the degree of graphite disordering of carbon materials . Here, the ratios of I D / I G provided by these four samples are about the same as 1.0, indicating a low degree of graphitization and disorder.…”

The synthesis and performance analysis of various biomass‐based carbon materials for electric double‐layer capacitors: A review

“…Soft‐template, using organic molecule as templates, can be directly removed during the pyrolysis process, but the control ability of the pore structure of carbon material is reduced during the depolymerization process . Besides, double template method techniques have been widely employed to synthesize HPCs, such as double soft‐template method, double hard‐template method and soft‐hard combined double template method . HPCs were successfully prepared using alumino‐silica UVM‐7 as hard template by Pérez‐Cabero et al The process was not only perplexing but also time‐consuming because some toxic reagents such as NaOH or HF might be required to remove the hard template .…”

“…141 Besides, double template method techniques have been widely employed to synthesize HPCs, such as double softtemplate method, double hard-template method and softhard combined double template method. [142][143][144] HPCs were successfully prepared using alumino-silica UVM-7 as hard template by Pérez-Cabero et al 145 The process was not only perplexing but also time-consuming because some toxic reagents such as NaOH or HF might be required to remove the hard template. 146 successfully synthesized nanoporous carbon by effective template carbonization.…”

Recent Advances in Porous Carbon Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage

“…Moreover,t he compositional engineering endows the porous carbon with enhanced electronic conductivity,w ettability,a nd even extrinsic pseudocapacitance through heteroatom-doping or hybridization with pseudocapacitive materials. [83][84][85][86] Particularly,h eteroatom-doping has becomeasought-after modification to boost the charge-storage capacity of porous carbon, and an unprecedented high capacitance of 855 Fg À1 has even been reached due to the extrinsic pseudocapacitance contributed by doped Ns pecies. [52] LIBs In contrast to the charge-storage mechanismo fS Cs, LIBs store/delivere nergy through the insertion/extraction of lithium ions between the electroactive materials.…”