Double Shear Test Behaviour of Balau Species for Different End Distance

Abstract

Timber connection is the most important part in timber structural building. In design, it depends on parameter criteria such as bolt diameter, bolt spacing, edge and end distance. End distance is one of design criteria that will influence mechanical timber joint such in single and double shear. This study focuses for a single fastener joint loaded in double shear with 12mm and 16mm bolt diameters having 30mm and 40mm end distance respectively. Double shear test was conducted on Balau timber species and the finding also focuses on the pattern failure modes with reference to European Yield Model (EYM) theory according to National Design Specification (NDS) 2005. It shows that the joint ability to withstand load decreased when the bolt diameter and end distance smaller and conversely with larger bolt diameter. The failure behavior for 12mm diameter tends to fail into category IIIs which described two plastic hinges formed with crushing of wood fibres in the side members. While, 16mm diameter bolt tends to fail under categories of mode Is which dowel bearing failure or crushing of the side members. Eventually, 12mm bolt diameter produces lower shear strength compared to 16mm bolt diameter.

Recent Advances of GFRP Composite Cross Arms in Energy Transmission Tower: A Short Review on Design Improvements and Mechanical Properties

“…The study revealed that the wood cross arm can deflect under loads of up to 8000 kN, both under normal and damaged wire situations. Beyond this degree of load, the results begin to rapidly rise, which is caused by the beginning of microscopic-scale fibre breaking from shearing and buckling [ 102 , 103 , 104 ]. Meanwhile, the exaggerated data values for broken wire situations can be seen due to torsional irregularity caused by angularly focused loads acting on the cross-arm assembly [ 105 ].…”

Method for estimation of compressive strength by in-situ cutting mortar sheet

“…The studies of Thomas et al, Diakhat é et al, and Malek et al have indicate that there exists a correlation between the compressive strength and shear strength of certain materials, and shear strength can be converted into concrete cube strength (Reynolds, 2016;Diakhaté et al, 2011;Abd et al, 2016). Mattock and Neil (1972), Iosipescu and A1 (1939), Zhang and Guo (1992), and JSCE-63 (1990) examined the shear strength of raw materials for concrete to establish a functional connection between shear strength and compressive strength of concrete.Cracks forming in the middle of the pure shear section lead to the shear failure of concrete., and the stress eld induced by the shear force closely resembles the pure shear stress state, with the shear strength approaching the tensile strength.…”

The Bolted Timber Connections; Bearing Shear Failure with the European Yield Model (EYM)

“…Even though the URM buildings in Malaysia are designed according to the Malaysia Standard (MS), there were few research published in timber engineering, especially timber strengthening (Kassem et al, 2021). This statement is supported by Abd Malek et al (2016), who stated that due to a lack of information on tropical timber connections, it was difficult to design or choose the suitable species of timber or its connections that fit the required purpose and ensure its performance. To that end, in this study MS is used for references while European Yield Model (EYM) and Row Shear Model (RSM) were used to predict the strength of bolted connection.…”