Double-quantum vortex in superfluid 3He-A

Blaauwgeers, Rob; Eltsov, V. B.; Krusius, M.; Ruohio, Jaakko; Schanen, R.; Volovik, G. E.

doi:10.1038/35006583

Cited by 176 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Rather, the system acts as an imperfect diamagnet. On the other hand, rotation of the color-flavor locked phase produces vortices associated with the baryon U (1) symmetry breaking, analogous to the vortices in rotating chargeless superfluids such as liquid He II [23], superfluid 3 He [24], Bose-Einstein condensates of alkali atoms [25], and neutron superfluids [9,26].…”

Section: Color-flavor Lockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid phases of quark matter. III. Supercurrents and vortices

2002

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We study, within Ginzburg-Landau theory, the responses of three-flavor superfluid quark-gluon plasmas to external magnetic fields and rotation, in both the color-flavor locked and isoscalar colorantitriplet diquark phases near the critical temperature. Fields are incorporated in the gradient energy arising from long wavelength distortions of the condensate, via covariant derivatives to satisfy local gauge symmetries associated with color and electric charge. Magnetic vortex formation, in response to external magnetic fields, is possible only in the isoscalar phase; in the color-flavor locked phase, external magnetic fields are incompletely screened by the Meissner effect. On the other hand, rotation of the superfluid produces vortices in the color-flavor locked phase; in the isoscalar phase, it produces a London gluon-photon mixed field. We estimate the coherence and Meissner lengths and critical magnetic fields for the two phases.

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Section: Color-flavor Lockingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superfluid phases of quark matter. III. Supercurrents and vortices

2002

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“…The assumption of homogeneity is not met in superconductors with pinning forces, where indeed doubly quantized vortices are observed [6]. In 3 He-A, where the order parameter is not a scalar due to spin degrees of freedom, a lattice of doubly quantized vortices with filled cores has recently been observed [7]. The argument also fails in spatially confined systems where the vortex cores are not much smaller than the system, such as mesoscopic superconducting disks, where vortices with large quantum numbers have been predicted [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiply quantized vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates

2002

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Vortex configurations in rotating Bose-Einstein condensed gases trapped in power-law and anharmonic potentials are studied. When the confining potential is steeper than harmonic in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, vortices with quantum numbers larger than one are energetically favorable if the interaction is weak enough. Features of the wave function for small and intermediate rotation frequencies are investigated numerically.

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“…Angulons, on the other hand, are the eigenstates of the total angular momentum operator,L 2 , and therefore the transferred angular momentum is three-dimensional. While vortex instabilities have been subject to several experimental studies in the context of superfluid helium [4,5,[26][27][28][29][30][31], ultracold quantum gases [32][33][34][35][36], and superconductors [37][38][39][40], the transfer of angular momentum to a superfluid via the angulon instabilities has not yet been observed in experiment.In this Letter we provide evidence for the emergence of the angulon instabilities in experiments on CH 3 [41] and NH 3 [42] molecules trapped in superfluid helium nanodroplets. Spectroscopy of molecules matrix-isolated in 4 He has been an active area of research during the last two decades [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]43].…”

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Fingerprints of angulon instabilities in the spectra of matrix-isolated molecules

Cherepanov

Lemeshko

2017

Phys. Rev. Materials

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The formation of vortices is usually considered to be the main mechanism of angular momentum disposal in superfluids. Recently, it was predicted that a superfluid can acquire angular momentum via an alternative, microscopic route -namely, through interaction with rotating impurities, forming so-called 'angulon quasiparticles ' [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 203001 (2015)]. The angulon instabilities correspond to transfer of a small number of angular momentum quanta from the impurity to the superfluid, as opposed to vortex instabilities, where angular momentum is quantized in units of per atom. Furthermore, since conventional impurities (such as molecules) represent three-dimensional (3D) rotors, the angular momentum transferred is intrinsically 3D as well, as opposed to a merely planar rotation which is inherent to vortices. Herein we show that the angulon theory can explain the anomalous broadening of the spectroscopic lines observed for CH3 and NH3 molecules in superfluid helium nanodroplets, thereby providing a fingerprint of the emerging angulon instabilities in experiment.One of the distinct features of the superfluid phase is the formation of vortices -topological defects carrying quantized angular momentum, which arise if the bulk of the superfluid rotates faster than some critical angular velocity [1,2]. Vortex nucleation has been considered to be the main mechanism angular momentum disposal in superfluids [1][2][3][4][5]. Recently, it was predicted that a superfluid can acquire angular momentum via a different, microscopic route, which takes effect in the presence of rotating impurities, such as molecules [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In particular, it was demonstrated that a rotating impurity immersed in a superfluid forms the 'angulon' quasiparticle, which can be thought of as a rigid rotor dressed by a cloud of superfluid excitations carrying angular momentum [14-21].The angulon theory was able to describe, in good agreement with experiment, renormalization of rotational constants [22,23] and laser-induced dynamics [24,25] of molecules in superfluid helium nanodroplets. One of the key predictions of the angulon theory are the socalled 'angulon instabilities ' [14-16] that occur at some critical value of the molecule-superfluid coupling where the angulon quasiparticle becomes unstable and one or a few quanta of angular momentum are resonantly transferred from the impurity to the superfluid. These instabilities are fundamentally different from the vortex instabilities, associated with the transfer of angular momentum quantised in units of per atom of the superfluid. Furthermore, vortices can be thought of as planar rotors, i.e., the eigenstates of theL z operator. Angulons, on the other hand, are the eigenstates of the total angular momentum operator,L 2 , and therefore the transferred angular momentum is three-dimensional. While vortex instabilities have been subject to several experimental studies in the context of superfluid helium [4,5,[26][27][28][29][30][31], ultracold quantum gases [32][33][34][35][36]...

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Double-quantum vortex in superfluid 3He-A

Cited by 176 publications

References 15 publications

Superfluid phases of quark matter. III. Supercurrents and vortices

Superfluid phases of quark matter. III. Supercurrents and vortices

Multiply quantized vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates

Fingerprints of angulon instabilities in the spectra of matrix-isolated molecules

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