Double pulse laser ablation and plasma: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy signal enhancement

Babushok, Valeri I.; DeLucia, Frank C.; Gottfried, Jennifer L.; Munson, Chase A.; Miziolek, Andrzej W.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2006.09.003

Cited by 445 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(275 reference statements)

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“…Another reason that Ar provides stronger signal intensities than air may be increased plasma confinement [47] and it is more inert than air [54]. The plasma temperatures for air and Ar are within the range of reported values [26,55,37,25]. The lack of variation with inter-pulse delay is likely due to the long delay times used in the current study.…”

Section: Dp-libs Insupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Though the applications of LIBS are vast, LIBS suffers a disadvantage in sensitivity when compared to other spectroscopy techniques, such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) [20][21][22][23][24]. Double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) is typically used to improve sensitivity compared to single-pulse LIBS (SP-LIBS) [25]. DP-LIBS involves the use of two laser pulses, either collinear or orthogonal, that are separated temporally on the order of nano-or microseconds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DP-LIBS signal enhancements include increased detection time and emission volume that result from a combination of effects [39,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Effenberger

Scott

2011

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP-LIBS) has been shown to enhance LIBS spectra. Several researchers have reported significant increases in signal-to-noise (S/N) and/or spectral intensity compared to single-pulse (SP) LIBS. In addition to DP-LIBS, atmospheric conditions can also increase sensitivity. Thus, in this study, a collinear DP-LIBS scheme was used along with manipulation of the atmospheric conditions. The DP-LIBS scheme consisted of an initial 45 mJ pulse at 1064 nm fired into a sample contained in a controlled atmospheric/vacuum chamber. A second analytical 45 mJ pulse at 1064 nm was then fired 0 to 200 μs after and along the same path of the first pulse. Ar, He, and air at pressures ranging from atmospheric pressure to 1 Torr are introduced during DP-LIBS and SP-LIBS experiments. For a brass sample, significant increases in the spectral intensities of Cu and Zn lines were observed in DP-LIBS under Ar compared to DP-LIBS in air. It was also found that Cu and Zn lines acquired with SP-LIBS in Ar are nearly as intense as DP-LIBS in air. While collinear DP-LIBS is effective for increasing the sensitivity for some reduced atmospheres (i.e., Ar and air at 630 to 100 Torr and He at 300 Torr), the enhanced spectral intensity ultimately dropped off as the pressure was reduced below 10 Torr for all atmospheric compositions in the experimental arrangement used in this study. At all pressures of air and Ar, the plasma temperature remained rather constant with increased inter-pulse delays; however, the plasma temperature was more variable for different He gas pressures and inter-pulse delays.

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Section: Dp-libs Insupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Effenberger

Scott

2011

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…Collinear double pulse studies of solid state in a gas atmosphere were first reported in the mid nineties, in (Sattmann et al, 1995). The technique has been re-investigated especially in the last decade for a broad range of materials and for many different measurement parameters, including the use of ultrashort femtosecond or picosecond laser pulses in (Noll et al, 2004;Semerok et al, 2004;Babushok et al, 2006). The technique splits into two main streams: First the collinear double-pulse geometry (Gautier et al, 2005: Peter et al, 2007, where two laser beams are delivered on the same target surface along the same optical path, and the second the orthogonal geometry (Cristoforetti et al, 2006;Choi et al, 2009), where only one pulse ablates the sample surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single and Double Laser Pulse Interaction with Solid State – Application to Plasma Spectroscopy

Viskup¹

2012

Nd YAG Laser

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“…It has also been shown [9,10] that heating of a preformed plasma with an intense laser pulse has the ability to increase laser absorption and consequently provide emission intensity enhancement. This has led to benefits in the area of LIBS for example where prepulsing has been shown to enhance analyte line emissions [11]. Since the stagnation layer is itself a preheated slab of plasma it can at least be speculated that it could be used as a source for similar applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission characteristics and dynamics of the stagnation layer in colliding laser produced plasmas

Hough

McLoughlin

Harilal

et al. 2010

Journal of Applied Physics

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The expansion dynamics of ion and neutral species in laterally colliding laser produced aluminium plasmas have been investigated using time and space resolved optical emission spectroscopy and spectrally and angularly resolved fast imaging. The emission results highlight a difference in neutral atom and ion distributions in the stagnation layer where, at a time delay of 80 ns, the neutral atoms are localised in the vicinity of the target surface (< 1 mm from the target surface) while singly and doubly charged ions lie predominantly at larger distances, < 1.5 mm and < 2 mm respectively. The imaging results show that the ions were found to form a well defined, but compressed, stagnation layer at the collision front between the two seed plasmas at early times (∆t < 80 ns). On the other hand the excited neutrals were observed to form a V shaped emission feature at 2 the outer regions of the collision front with enhanced neutral emission in the less dense, cooler regions of the stagnation layer.

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Double pulse laser ablation and plasma: Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy signal enhancement

Cited by 445 publications

References 102 publications

Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Effect of atmosphere on collinear double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

Single and Double Laser Pulse Interaction with Solid State – Application to Plasma Spectroscopy

Emission characteristics and dynamics of the stagnation layer in colliding laser produced plasmas

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