Double Phase Matching in MZI With Antiresonant Effect for Optical Fiber Sensor Application

Zuo, Guomeng; Li, Wei; Zhao, Yang; Li, Shiyu; Qi, Ruiling; Huang, Yuhao; Xia, Li

doi:10.1109/jlt.2020.3030770

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, Gui et al used a 3 mm-long SHTSCF to simultaneously excite an antiresonance (AR) effect and Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) to achieve simultaneous curvature and temperature sensing through intensity demodulation and wavelength demodulation [26]. Zuo et al combined two segments of a multimode fiber spliced into a conventional SHS structure and fabricated a sensor structure capable of exciting both the AR effect and MZI guidance mechanisms through adequate simulations and experiments, thus achieving simultaneous temperature and strain measurements [27]. Nan et al proposed a hybrid sensor for simultaneous measurement of three parameters that consists of a segment of HCF fused between an air bubble and an uptaper.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Parameter Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Antiresonance Effect and Few-Mode Fiber

et al. 2023

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A simple and novel hybrid interferometer based on the antiresonance (AR) effect and Mach–Zehnder interference (MZI), which enables simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain, is proposed and investigated. The sensor is made by cascading a 30 cm section of a few-mode fiber (FMF) and a 3.376 mm hollow-core fiber (HCF) through a single-mode fiber (SMF). The FMF and SMF are fused without misalignment to excite two stable modes, thereby forming a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. Concurrently, the introduction of HCF can effectively excite the AR effect, which is manifested in the transmission spectrum as two different dips at the same time caused by the difference in the two physical mechanisms, showing diverse responses to both external temperature and strain. This difference can be used to construct a cross-coefficient matrix to implement the simultaneous measurement of temperature and strain. The experimental results demonstrate that the AR effect and MZI correspond to strain sensitivities of –0.87 and –2.29 pm/µε, respectively, and temperature sensitivities of 15.68 and –13.93 pm/°C, respectively. Furthermore, the sensor is also tested for repeatability, and the results show that it has good repeatability and great potential in sensing applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Parameter Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Antiresonance Effect and Few-Mode Fiber

et al. 2023

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“…Currently one popular fiber sensor consisted of a fiber-based interferometer. There were various types of fiber-based interferometer, such as Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZI) [5], Michelson interferometers (MI) [6], Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPI) [7], Sagnac interferometers (SI) [8], and multiple modes interferometers (MMI) [9]. Moreover, their sensitivities can be improved via the loss of novel designs owning to their various structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index based on an SPR Silicon core fiber sensor with a fused silica grating design

Kishikawa

Liaw

et al. 2022

Opt Quant Electron

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This paper proposed a fiber sensor based on a Silicon core fiber incorporated with a fused silica grating design. The proposed structure is a nice sensitive in refractive index and temperature variation through theoretical calculation and finite element method simulation. The sensitivities of the refractive index in different polarization directions are 1838.7 and 1949.8 nm/RIU, respectively, within the index range from 1.28 to 1.38 RIU. The temperature range within 15 to 40 o C has the sensitivity up to 1.6 nm/ o C by using ethanol analyte. The proposed fiber sensor can provide a method or a solution for intelligent sensing systems.

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“…The silica-based fibers combined with the other materials, including liquids [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], nanoparticles [ 13 , 14 ], and 2D materials (graphene) [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], would generate much higher sensitivity to external parameters than that of the intrinsic silica fibers. Various configurations for the FMZIs have been proposed in the literature and have been demonstrated their effectiveness [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Examples include an FMZI with anti-resonance based on an multi-mode fiber (MMF)-HCF-MMF structure for sensing application [ 21 ], tapered fiber-based FMZI for the refractive index (RI) and temperature (T) measurement [ 22 ], core-offset in-line FMZI [ 23 ], an in-line FMZI with thin-core fiber (TCF)-thin fiber-TCF [ 24 ], and SMF-HCF-SMF structures [ 12 , 20 , 28 , <...>…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various configurations for the FMZIs have been proposed in the literature and have been demonstrated their effectiveness [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Examples include an FMZI with anti-resonance based on an multi-mode fiber (MMF)-HCF-MMF structure for sensing application [ 21 ], tapered fiber-based FMZI for the refractive index (RI) and temperature (T) measurement [ 22 ], core-offset in-line FMZI [ 23 ], an in-line FMZI with thin-core fiber (TCF)-thin fiber-TCF [ 24 ], and SMF-HCF-SMF structures [ 12 , 20 , 28 , 29 ]. The structures of the above FMZIs mainly create two arms of the interferometer: The core of the fiber waveguide and the cladding which propagates one or more cladding modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Modulated In-Fiber Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Based on an Ultracompact Leaky-Guided Liquid Core

Lee

Zhuo

Liu

2022

Sensors

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We proposed a novel sensor based on an ultracompact leaky-guided liquid core fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer (LLCFMZI) for high modulation of an interference spectrum. The sensor structure is based on a micro-sized hollow-core fiber (HCF) splicing a tilt end face single-mode fiber (SMF) to create a miniature oblique gap for the effective access of different liquids. The liquid core with a relatively lower refractive index (RI) than the cladding can achieve a leaky-mode optical waveguide (LMOW) mechanism, and its volume is only approximately 7.85 pL. In addition, the utilized micro-length HCF can reduce the energy loss of core in the LMOW to obtain an acceptable extinction ratio (>30 dB) with high temperature (T) sensitivity in the interference spectra. Experimental results show that the interference spectra can be highly modulated within the wide measurement range of 1250–1650 nm with a steadily linear response for thermal effect. The measured temperature sensitivities (T-sensitivities) of various liquids of DI water, ethanol, and Cargille-liquid (nD = 1.305) are 0.8869, 4.4754, and 4.8229 nm/°C, and the corresponding measured thermal optics coefficient (TOC) are −4.16 × 10−5, −2.11 × 10−4, and −3.6 × 10−4 °C−1, respectively. Measurement results demonstrate that the used liquids with a higher TOC can obtain better T-sensitivity modulation. The highest experimental sensitivity of the liquid-core filled with Cargille-liquid (nD = 1.40) is up to +13.87 nm/°C with a corresponding TOC of −4.07 × 10−4 °C−1. Furthermore, the experimental and theoretical values are in good agreement according to FSR the measuring scheme that investigates the effectiveness of the proposed LLCFMZI.

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Double Phase Matching in MZI With Antiresonant Effect for Optical Fiber Sensor Application

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Dual-Parameter Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Antiresonance Effect and Few-Mode Fiber

Dual-Parameter Sensor for Temperature and Strain Measurement Based on Antiresonance Effect and Few-Mode Fiber

Simultaneous measurement of temperature and refractive index based on an SPR Silicon core fiber sensor with a fused silica grating design

Highly Modulated In-Fiber Mach–Zehnder Interferometer Based on an Ultracompact Leaky-Guided Liquid Core

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