Double‐Layer Capacitors

Ue, Makoto

doi:10.1002/9781118003350.ch17

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Ionic liquids (ILs) have garnered considerable interest as electrolyte materials for a wide range of electrochemical technologiesincluding batteries, fuel cells, organic dye-sensitized solar cells, actuators, smart windows, and moredue to the combination of favorable properties that many ILs possess such as high electrochemical/thermal stability, wide liquid range, low flammability, and nonvolatility at ambient pressure. − ILs are salts, or mixtures of salts, which melt at low temperatureoften well below ambient temperature. The conductivity of ILs, especially at lower temperatures, is frequently low enough, however, to preclude their use in commercial devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Binary Ionic Liquid–Aprotic Solvent Electrolyte Mixtures

et al. 2012

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The properties of mixtures of ionic liquids (ILs) with a variety of different aprotic solvents have been examined in detail. The ILs selected bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI − ) salts with N-methyl-N-pentylpyrrolidinium (PY 15 + ), -piperidinium (PI 15 + ), or -morpholinium (MO 15 + ) cationsenabled the investigation of how cation structure influences the mixture properties. This study includes the characterization of the thermal phase behavior of the mixtures and volatility of the solvents, density and excess molar volume, and transport properties (viscosity and conductivity). The mixtures with ethylene carbonate form a simple eutectic, whereas those with ethyl butyrate appear to form a new IL−solvent crystalline phase. Significant differences in the viscosity of the mixtures are found for different solvents, especially for the IL-rich concentrations. In contrast, only minor differences are noted for the conductivity with different solvents for the IL-rich concentrations. For the solvent-rich concentrations, however, substantial differences are noted in the conductivity, especially for the mixtures with acetonitrile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical Properties of Binary Ionic Liquid–Aprotic Solvent Electrolyte Mixtures

et al. 2012

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“…This method yielded the same ion sizes as those found in literature for Pyr 14 + , 10 TFSI − , 10 Et 4 N +22 and BF 4 − . 22 Carbon materials.-Five commercially available carbon materials, M30 (Osaka Gas Co.), SC10 (Arkema-Ceca), DLC Super 30 (Norit), CWH30 (Gryfskand) and E-Supra (Norit) were used as active materials. The characteristics of their porosity were determined as described in Ref.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Conductive Salt Ion Selection on EDLC Electrolyte Characteristics and Carbon-Electrolyte Interaction

Pohlmann¹,

Ramirez-Castro²,

Balducci³

2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This study compares several electrolytes for application in electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), as well as their influence on double layer formation on different activated carbon materials. While propylene carbonate (PC) was used as electrolyte solvent in all cases, the applied conductive salt was varied. A change in conductive salt was found to have a great impact on solubility as well as the electrolytes' ion transport properties. Most importantly the choice of conductive salt strongly influenced the maximum operative potentials of PC based electrolytes, leading to EDLCs exhibiting maximum operative voltages as high as 3.5 V. Furthermore it was found that not only a high operative voltage, but also well adjusted transport properties are needed for an EDLC electrolyte in order to maximize the device's energy and power capabilities. Finally the electrolytes' influence on the capacitance of five activated carbon materials was studied, leading to the conclusion that in order to maximize energy storage in EDLCs, electrolyte and carbon material have to be adjusted one to another.

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“…Among other electrochemical methods, the cyclic voltammetry method can be considered the most efficient method for determining the "electrochemical window". For smooth electrodes, it is believed that the decomposition processes of electrolyte components start to run intensively when the surface current density is 0.5 mA/cm 2 [51]. In the case of porous electrodes, there is no such criterion, so it is believed that the electrolyte component decomposition processes begin to occur when the current in the system goes up rapidly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

Bordun,

Szymczykiewicz

2024

Applied Sciences

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In the work, nanostructured Fe3O4/C composites based on natural raw materials (beet pulp and corn stalks) are synthesised in various ways. Iron chloride FeCl3 is used as an activator. The synthesised composites are investigated using the following methods, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, nitrogen adsorption/desorption porometry, magnetometry, impedance and galvanostatic measurements. The presence of nanosized Fe3O4 magnetite in the synthesised carbon structures is disclosed. Based on the magnetic measurements, the particle size of Fe3O4 is on average 50 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in one step, 30 nm for the sample of the composite synthesised from beet pulp in two steps, 33 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in one step, and 29 nm for the composite synthesised from corn stalks in two steps. It is shown that the two-step synthesis using pre-carbonised raw materials gives the specific capacitance of the composite made with beet pulp at 96 F/g, and for the composite made with corn stalks at 95 F/g. The high coulombic efficiency (>95%) and the stability of the electrical capacitance during long-term cycling make it possible to use Fe3O4/C composites for the manufacture of supercapacitor electrodes with aqueous electrolytes.

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Double‐Layer Capacitors

Cited by 3 publications

References 57 publications

Physicochemical Properties of Binary Ionic Liquid–Aprotic Solvent Electrolyte Mixtures

Physicochemical Properties of Binary Ionic Liquid–Aprotic Solvent Electrolyte Mixtures

The Influence of Conductive Salt Ion Selection on EDLC Electrolyte Characteristics and Carbon-Electrolyte Interaction

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposites for Symmetric Supercapacitors

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