“…While for nonlinearly ones which are ubiquitous, nonlinear classifiers including NCC [ 2 ], FC-NTD [ 3 ], KMHKS [ 4 ], KSVM [ 5 ] are more suitable. One kind of nonlinear classifiers is kernel-based ones including MultiV-KMHKS [ 6 ], MVMHKS [ 7 ], RMVMHKS [ 8 ], DLMMLM [ 9 ], UDLMMLM [ 10 ], etc [ 11 – 13 ] and they adopt kernel functions to generate kernel matrices firstly and get optimal classifier parameters after the solution of these matrices. Here, for convenience, we summary full names and abbreviations for some terms in Table 1 .…”