2022
DOI: 10.1109/tte.2021.3101470
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Double Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Energy Management for a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle With Engine Start–Stop Strategy

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Cited by 81 publications
(37 citation statements)
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“…The design of the reward significantly affects the optimization results. To achieve the optimization objectives illustrated above, the reward at time step k is defined as (41).…”
Section: Rewardmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The design of the reward significantly affects the optimization results. To achieve the optimization objectives illustrated above, the reward at time step k is defined as (41).…”
Section: Rewardmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[ 3 ] Based on the type of stored energy, the technologies of EESS have categorized into mechanical, electrical, and chemical. [ 4 ] Flywheel, pumped hydro, and compressed air are the major mechanical ESS; superconducting magnetic and supercapacitor (SC) are the electrical ESS; and battery and fuel cell (FC) are the chemical ESS. [ 5 ] They have different features for different applications like power rating, charge/discharge time, power/energy density, and lifespan.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The accelerometer (ACC) will be disturbed by additional translational or rotational acceleration, and the magnetometer (MAG) is easy to be disturbed by the surrounding magnetic field. To solve the drift problem, a variety of calibration algorithms have been proposed, including the adaptive method, [8][9][10] the machine-learningbased method [11][12][13][14] and the zero velocity update (ZUPT) method. 15 Due to the errors in measurements of GYR, ACC, and MAG inside IMUs, numerous studies have proposed sensor fusion algorithms (SFAs) to estimate the three-dimensional (3D) orientation accurately and robustly.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%