Double-decision lexical tasks in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients: A path towards cognitive remediation?

Besche‐Richard, Chrystel; Passerieux, Christine; Hardy-Baylé, Marie-Christine

doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2005.03.003

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These findings have often been interpreted as evidence for an increased spread of activation across semantic memory in association with thought disorder. Other investigators, who have considered schizophrenia patients as a whole, have reported normal (Chapin et al, 1989, 1992; Vinogradov, Ober and Shenaut, 1992; Ober, Vinogradov, and Shenaut, 1995; Blum and Freides, 1995; Barch et al, 1996; Besche-Richard, Passerieux, and Hardy-Bayle, 2005), and sometimes abnormally reduced (Henik, Priel, and Umansky, 1992; Ober, Vinogradov, and Shenaut, 1997) semantic priming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under “automatic” conditions: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials

Kreher

Goff

Kuperberg

2009

Schizophrenia Research

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The schizophrenia research literature contains many differing accounts of semantic memory function in schizophrenia as assessed through the semantic priming paradigm. Most recently, Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) have been used to demonstrate both increased and decreased semantic priming at a neural level in schizophrenia patients, relative to healthy controls. The present study used ERPs to investigate the role of behavioral task in determining neural semantic priming effects in schizophrenia. The same schizophrenia patients and healthy controls completed two experiments in which word stimuli were identical, and the time between the onset of prime and target remained constant at 350msec: in the first, participants monitored for words within a particular semantic category that appeared only in filler items (implicit task); in the second, participants explicitly rated the relatedness of word-pairs (explicit task). In the explicit task, schizophrenia patients showed reduced direct and indirect semantic priming in comparison with healthy controls. In contrast, in the implicit task, schizophrenia patients showed normal or, in positively thought-disordered patients, increased direct and indirect N400 priming effects compared with healthy controls. These data confirm that, although schizophrenia patients with positive thought disorder may show an abnormally increased automatic spreading activation, the introduction of semantic decision-making can result in abnormally reduced semantic priming in schizophrenia, even when other experimental conditions bias toward automatic processing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under “automatic” conditions: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials

Kreher

Goff

Kuperberg

2009

Schizophrenia Research

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“…In the latter case, the effect of strategy, expectancy and general executive function on performance is circumvented using a number of techniques, including use of a short interval between the prime and target word (Stimulus Onset Asynchrony, or SOA). Alternatively, when participants are not selected based on the presence of thought disorder, or when the experiment is designed to probe controlled, strategic aspects of semantic prediction or retrieval, patients with SZ show normal or reduced priming effects relative to controls (Vinogradov et al, 1992; Barch et al, 1996; Ober et al, 1997; Besche-Richard et al, 2005; Kreher et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered language network activity in young people at familial high-risk for schizophrenia

Thermenos

Whitfield-Gabrieli

Seidman

et al. 2013

Schizophrenia Research

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Background Abnormalities in language and language neural circuitry are observed in schizophrenia (SZ). Similar, but less pronounced language deficits are also seen in young first-degree relatives of people with SZ, who are at higher familial risk (FHR) for the disorder than the general population. The neural underpinnings of these deficits in people with FHR are unclear. Methods Participants were 43 people with FHR and 32 comparable controls. fMRI scans were collected while participants viewed associated and unrelated word pairs, and performed a lexical decision task. fMRI analyses conducted in SPM8 examined group differences in the modulation of hemodynamic activity by semantic association. Results There were no group differences in demographics, IQ or behavioral semantic priming, but FHR participants had more schizotypal traits than controls. Controls exhibited the expected suppression of hemodynamic activity to associated versus unrelated word pairs. Compared to controls, FHR participants showed an opposite pattern of hemodynamic modulation to associated versus unrelated word pairs, in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), right superior and middle temporal gyrus (STG) and the left cerebellum. Group differences in activation were significant, FWE-corrected for multiple comparisons (p<0.05). Activity within the IFG during the unrelated condition predicted schizotypal symptoms in FHR participants. Conclusions FHR for SZ is associated with abnormally increased neural activity to semantic associates within an inferior frontal/temporal network. This might increase the risk of developing unusual ideas, perceptions and disorganized language that characterize schizotypal traits, potentially predicting which individuals are at greater risk to develop a psychotic disorder.

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“…A number of studies tend to suggest that abnormalities in the behavioral SP and/or N400 effect are not stable cognitive features of schizophrenia but may instead be influenced by several variables . Kiang et al .…”

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confidence: 99%

Behavioral and brain measures (N400) of semantic priming in patients with schizophrenia: Test–retest effect in a longitudinal study

Besche‐Richard

Iakimova²,

Hardy-Baylé³

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aim:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether deficits in the behavioral and/or N400 semantic priming (SP) effect observed in patients with schizophrenia constitute a stable cognitive feature of the disorder or whether they may be influenced by the severity of each individual's symptomatology. Methods:A 1-year test-retest study was conducted on 15 patients with schizophrenia and 10 healthy participants who performed an SP task. Both behavioral measures and event-related potentials measures of SP were recorded twice (test and retest sessions).Results: At test, patients exhibited a deficit in SP as was revealed by both the behavioral and the event-related potentials measures of the amplitude of the N400 component. At retest, behavioral SP remained impaired, whereas N400 SP was significantly improved. Conclusion:These results provide evidence that SP impairments in schizophrenia as measured by N400 should not be considered as stable cognitive markers of the disorder. The behavioral and the N400 measures of SP indicated different levels of sensitivity to subtle cognitive and brain processes, which are subject to change over the clinical course of schizophrenic disorder.

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Double-decision lexical tasks in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients: A path towards cognitive remediation?

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under “automatic” conditions: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials

Why all the confusion? Experimental task explains discrepant semantic priming effects in schizophrenia under “automatic” conditions: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials

Altered language network activity in young people at familial high-risk for schizophrenia

Behavioral and brain measures (N400) of semantic priming in patients with schizophrenia: Test–retest effect in a longitudinal study

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