Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor During Postoperative Radiotherapy for Squamous Head and Neck Cancer

Su, Yungpo Bernard; Vickers, Andrew J.; Zeléfsky, Michael J.; Kraus, Dennis H.; Shaha, Ashok R.; Shah, Jatin P.; Serio, Angel M.; Harrison, Louis B.; Bosl, George J.; Pfister, David G.

doi:10.1097/00130404-200605000-00005

Cited by 34 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The same therapeutic strategy was applied in a patient with advanced hepatocarcinoma, who exhibited a complete remission after 4 months of G-CSF treatment. Prolonged administration of G-CSF to squamous head and neck cancer patients led to increased disease-free survival [320]. Other clinical trials using continuous GM-CSF administration in advanced prostate cancer [321] or sustained G-CSF in stage IV melanoma with brain metastases [322] reported better survival, suggesting for an anti-tumor effects of neutrophils.…”

Section: Major Findings Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Sionov

Fridlender

Granot

2014

Cancer Microenvironment

339

261

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Neutrophils are myeloid cells that constitute 50-70 % of all white blood cells in the human circulation. Traditionally, neutrophils are viewed as the first line of defense against infections and as a major component of the inflammatory process. In addition, accumulating evidence suggest that neutrophils may also play a key role in multiple aspects of cancer biology. The possible involvement of neutrophils in cancer prevention and promotion was already suggested more than half a century ago, however, despite being the major component of the immune system, their contribution has often been overshadowed by other immune components such as lymphocytes and macrophages. Neutrophils seem to have conflicting functions in cancer and can be classified into anti-tumor (N1) and pro-tumor (N2) sub-populations. The aim of this review is to discuss the varying nature of neutrophil function in the cancer microenvironment with a specific emphasis on the mechanisms that regulate neutrophil mobilization, recruitment and activation.

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Section: Major Findings Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Sionov

Fridlender

Granot

2014

Cancer Microenvironment

339

261

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“…Two cohort studies did not find a benefit for the use of this growth factor [44,45] in these patients, whereas a small study by Schneider et al [46] reported only preliminary results. Since then, only one study on the use of systemic G-CSF for the prevention of oral mucositis induced by (C)RT for H&N cancers has been published [47]. This study reported a non-significant trend for a beneficial effect of this intervention but was closed prematurely because of low accrual.…”

Section: Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of cytokines and growth factors for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients

Raber-Durlacher

Bültzingslöwen²,

Logan

et al. 2012

Support Care Cancer

112

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Purpose The aim of this project was to review the literature and define clinical practice guidelines for the use of cytokines and growth factor agents for the prevention or treatment of oral mucositis induced by cancer chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Care Cancer (2013) 21:343-355 DOI 10.1007/s00520-012-1594 following three guideline determinations was possible: Recommendation, Suggestion, No guideline possible. Results Sixty-four clinical studies across 11 interventions were evaluated. A recommendation was made for the use of recombinant human KGF-1 (palifermin) at a dose of 60 μg/kg per day for 3 days prior to conditioning treatment and for 3 days post-transplant for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for hematological malignancies. A suggestion was made against using granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor mouthwash for the prevention of oral mucositis in the setting of high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. No guideline was possible for any other cytokine or growth factor agents due to inconclusive evidence. Conclusions Of the cytokine and growth factor agents studied for oral mucositis, the evidence only supports use of palifermin in the specific population listed above. Additional welldesigned research is needed on other cytokine and growth factor interventions and in other cancer treatment settings. Methods

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“…Further, Rini et al, who administered GM‐CSF alone (another cytokine closely related to G‐CSF), reported that 25% of patients with relapsed prostate cancer remained free of disease progression at a median of 5 years after the start of therapy 427. However, the strongest argument in favor of the therapeutic anticancer effect of the prolonged administration of G‐CSF, i.e., causing sustained neutrophilia, comes from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial designed to evaluate the ability of G‐CSF to reduce mucositis during postoperative radiotherapy for locoregionally advanced stages of head and neck cancer (follow‐up was for 10 years) 428. Despite the fact that the study was prematurely ended because of slow accrual, 40 patients were evaluated.…”

Section: Pmn and The Dynamics Of Tumor Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and cancer: Intense and sustained neutrophilia as a treatment against solid tumors

Souto

Vilá

Brú

2011

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are the most abundant circulating immune cells and represent the first line of immune defense against infection. This review of the biomedical literature of the last 40 years shows that they also have a powerful antitumoral effect under certain circumstances. Typically, the microenvironment surrounding a solid tumor possesses many of the characteristics of chronic inflammation, a condition considered very favorable for tumor growth and spread. However, there are many circumstances that shift the chronic inflammatory state toward an acute inflammatory response around a tumor. This shift seems to convert PMN into very efficient anticancer effector cells. Clinical reports of unexpected antitumoral effects linked to the prolonged use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, which stimulates an intense and sustained neutrophilia, suggest that an easy way to fight solid tumors would be to encourage the development of intense peritumoral PMN infiltrates. Specifically designed clinical trials are urgently needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of such drug-induced neutrophilia in patients with solid tumors. This antitumoral role of neutrophils may provide new avenues for the clinical treatment of cancer.

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Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Trial of Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor During Postoperative Radiotherapy for Squamous Head and Neck Cancer

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

The Multifaceted Roles Neutrophils Play in the Tumor Microenvironment

Systematic review of cytokines and growth factors for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils and cancer: Intense and sustained neutrophilia as a treatment against solid tumors

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