Double Antiresonance Fiber Sensor for the Simultaneous Measurement of Curvature and Temperature

Pereira, Diana; Bierlich, Jörg; Kobelke, Jens; Ferreira, Marta S.

doi:10.3390/s21237778

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The hollow square-core fiber (HSCF) is an antiresonant fiber whose light guidance relies on the antiresonance reflection within the core [ 24 ]. However, when this fiber is spliced between two single-mode fibers (SMF), other paths can be generated, giving rise to a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and a cladding modal interferometer (CMI) [ 25 ], as depicted in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fiber Sensor for Monitoring the Evaporation of Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Pereira

Bierlich

Kobelke

et al. 2022

Sensors

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An inline optical fiber sensor is proposed to monitor in real time the evaporation process of ethanol–water binary mixtures. The sensor presents two interferometers, a cladding modal interferometer (CMI) and a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The CMI is used to acquire the variations in the external medium refractive index, presenting a maximum sensitivity of 387 nm/RIU, and to attain the variation in the sample concentration profile, while the MZI monitors temperature fluctuations. For comparison purposes, an image analysis is also conducted to obtain the droplet profile. The sensor proposed in this work is a promising alternative in applications where a rigorous measurement of volatile organic compound concentrations is required, and in the study of chemical and physical properties related to the evaporation process.

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Section: Principle Of Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Fiber Sensor for Monitoring the Evaporation of Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Pereira

Bierlich

Kobelke

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…With the continuous development of sciences and technologies, the demands for fiber sensors have increased drastically due to their merits of high signal capacity, high transmission bandwidth, high measurement accuracy, high detection sensitivity, and high environmental stability [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In practical applications, bending is one of the important physical parameters in mechanical engineering, material engineering, and structural health monitoring [ 7 , 8 ]. At present, fiber bending sensors are generally divided into the grating type and the interferometer type.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multicore Fiber Bending Sensors with High Sensitivity Based on Asymmetric Excitation Scheme

Suo

Peng

Chen

2022

Sensors

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Bending sensing was realized by constructing a tapered four-core optical fiber (TFCF) sensor. The four-core fiber (FCF) between the fan-in and fan-out couplers was tapered and the diameter became smaller, so that the distance between the four cores arranged in a square became gradually smaller to produce supermodes. The two ends of the TFCF were respectively connected to the fan-in and fan-out couplers so that the individual cores in the FCF could link to the separate single-mode fibers. A broadband light source (superluminescent diodes (SLD)) spanning 1250–1650 nm was injected into any one of the four cores, and the orientation was thus determined. In the tapering process, the remaining three cores gradually approached the excitation core in space to excite several supermodes based on the tri-core structure first, and then transited to the quadruple-core structure. The field distributions of the excited supermodes were asymmetric due to the corner-core excitation scheme, and the interference thus resulted in a higher measurement sensitivity. When the diameter of the TFCF was 7.5 μm and the tapered length was 2.21 mm, the sensitivity of the bending sensor could reach 16.12 nm/m−1.

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“…It presents a squared air core of 11 µm, and, around this, silica strands of 1.7 µm of thickness. Further information regarding the fiber geometry can be found elsewhere [8]. The sensor was interrogated in a transmission configuration, where a segment of the HSCF was fusion spliced between two single mode fibers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arising from this sensor structure, two interferometers are enhanced, namely the CMI and the MZI, along with the AR guidance. Further details regarding these interferometers can be found elsewhere [8,9]Figure 2a shows the transmission spectrum of the 10 mm long sensor used. From the observation of the transmission spectrum, it is possible to ascertain the existence of a high frequency domain being modulated by a low frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow square core fiber sensor for physical parameters measurement

Pereira¹,

Bierlich²,

Kobelke

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The measurement of physical parameters is important in many current applications, since they often rely on these measurands to operate with the due quality and the necessary safety. In this work, a simple and robust optical fiber sensor based on an antiresonant hollow square core fiber (HSCF) is proposed to measure simultaneously temperature, strain, and curvature. The proposed sensor was designed in a transmission configuration where a segment of HSCF, with a 10 mm length, was spliced between two single mode fibers. In this sensor, a cladding modal interference (CMI) and a Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) are enhanced along with the antiresonance (AR) guidance. All the present mechanisms exhibit different responses towards the physical parameters. For the temperature, sensitivities of 32.8 pm/°C, 18.9 pm/°C, and 15.7 pm/°C were respectively attained for the MZI, AR, and CMI. As for the strain, sensitivities of 0.45 pm/με, -0.93 pm/με, and -2.72 pm/με were acquired for the MZI, AR and CMI respectively. Meanwhile, for the curvature measurements, two regions of analysis were considered. In the first region (0 m−1 - 0.7 m−1) sensitivities of 0.033 nm/m−1, -0.27 nm/m−1, and -2.21 nm/m−1 were achieved, whilst for the second region (0.7 m−1 - 1.5 m−1) sensitivities of 0.067 nm/m−1, -0.63 nm/m−1, and -0.49 nm/m−1 were acquired for the MZI, AR and CMI, respectively.

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Double Antiresonance Fiber Sensor for the Simultaneous Measurement of Curvature and Temperature

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Optical Fiber Sensor for Monitoring the Evaporation of Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Optical Fiber Sensor for Monitoring the Evaporation of Ethanol–Water Mixtures

Multicore Fiber Bending Sensors with High Sensitivity Based on Asymmetric Excitation Scheme

Hollow square core fiber sensor for physical parameters measurement

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