Double accessory mental foramina: report of an anatomical variant

Ahmed, Siddiq; Jasani, V.; Ali, Ashaq; Avery, C.M.E.

doi:10.1111/ors.12119

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Terms such as double mental foramina (Igarashi et al, 2004;Arx et al, 2014), additional mental foramina (Santos et al, 2013), multiple mental foramina, accessory mandibular foramina (Patil et al, 2013) and accessory buccal foramina ) have been used to describe AMFs. Many authors have defined 'AMF' as any foramen in addition to the MF in the lateral body of mandible (Mraiwa et al, 2003;Prabodha and Nanayakkara, 2006;Ca girankaya and Kansu, 2008;Singh and Srivastav, 2011;Thakur et al, 2011;Gupta and Soni, 2012;Jha and Kumar, 2012;Ahmed et al, 2014;Paraskevas et al, 2014;Rai et al, 2014). Some have described an AMF as a small foramen in the area surrounding the MF (Riesenfeld, 1956;Sutton, 1974).…”

Section: Definition Of An Amfmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical anatomy of accessory mental nerves and foramina

et al. 2015

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Since three-dimensional computed tomography was developed, many researchers have described accessory mental foramina. The anatomical and radiological findings have been discussed, but details of accessory mental nerves (AMNs) have only been researched in a small number of anatomical and clinical cases. For this article, we reviewed the literature relating to accessory mental foramina (AMFs) and nerves to clarify aspects important for clinical situations. The review showed that the distribution pattern of the AMN can differ according to the position of the accessory mental foramen, and the reported incidence of AMFs differs among observation methods. A review of clinical cases also revealed that injury to large AMF can result in paresthesia. This investigation did not reveal all aspects of AMNs and AMFs, but will be useful for diagnosis and treatment by many dentists and oral and maxillofacial surgeons.

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Section: Definition Of An Amfmentioning

confidence: 99%

The clinical anatomy of accessory mental nerves and foramina

et al. 2015

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“…However, a prevalence of 4.38% has also been reported [6]. The incidence of double mental foramina has been found to vary among different ethnic groups [27], and it could reach up to 10.8% [1].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporomandibular joint: pneumatic temporal cells open into the articular and extradural spaces

et al. 2019

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The pneumatisation of the articular tubercle (PAT) of the temporal squama is a rare condition that modifies the barrier between the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space and the middle cranial fossa. During a routine examination of the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) files of patients who were scanned for dental medical purposes, we identified a case with multiple rare anatomic variations. First, the petrous apex was bilaterally pneumatised. Moreover, bilateral and multilocular PAT were observed, while on one side it was further found that the pneumatic cells were equally dehiscent towards the extradural space and the superior joint space. To the best of our knowledge, such dehiscence has not previously been reported. The two temporomastoid pneumatisations were extended with occipital pneumatisations of the lateral masses and occipital condyles, the latter being an extremely rare evidence. The internal dehiscence of the mandibular canal in the right ramus of the mandible was also noted. Additionally, double mental foramen and impacted third molars were found on the left side. Such multilocular PAT represents a low-resistance pathway for the bidirectional spread of fluids through the roof of the TMJ. Further, it could add to a morphological picture of hyperpneumatisation of the posterior cranial fossa floor, which could signify the involvement of the last four cranial nerves in the clinical picture of TMJ pain.

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“…However, anatomical variations such as bifid mandibular canal (BMC) and accessory mental foramen (AMF) have been reported by several studies. [1][2][3][4][5] In some cases, BMC and AMF contain the same nerves and blood vessels that already exist in the mandibular canal and mental foramen. 4,6 For that reason, BMC and AMF have important clinical implications during oral procedures, such as dental implant placement, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, teeth extraction, periapical surgery, fracture osteosyn-thesis, bone block harvesting, root canal treatment of teeth, and removal of mandible lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] In some cases, BMC and AMF contain the same nerves and blood vessels that already exist in the mandibular canal and mental foramen. 4,6 For that reason, BMC and AMF have important clinical implications during oral procedures, such as dental implant placement, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, teeth extraction, periapical surgery, fracture osteosyn-thesis, bone block harvesting, root canal treatment of teeth, and removal of mandible lesions. 1,3,7 The detection of these anatomical variations can prevent potential transient or persistent complications (bleeding, paresthesia, traumatic neuroma and/or even disabling dysesthesia) 2, 7 and help in an adequate inferior alveolar nerve block.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interexaminer agreement between two dental specialties for the detection of bifid mandibular canal and accessory mental foramen in cone-beam computed tomography

Moreira‐Souza¹,

Groppo²,

Haiter-Neto³

et al. 2022

J Oral Res

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between oral and maxillofacial radiologists (OMFR) and oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) for the detection of bifid mandibular canal (BMC) and accessory mental foramen (AMF) using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: This retrospective study involved 22 examiners (11 OMFR and 11 OMFS) who independently assessed 30 CBCT volumes from patients (n = 60 hemi-mandibles) under preoperative radiographic evaluation for implant placement. The examiners scored the presence of BMC and AMF in each hemimandible. The interexaminer agreements were assessed using Fleiss' kappa statistics. Results: For intra-examiner agreement, 40% of the sample was reevaluated. The interexaminer agreement between OMFR and OMFS was slight (0.12) for the detection of BMC and fair (0.24) for AMF. The agreement among OMFR for detection of BMC was fair (0.22), and it was slight among OMFS (0.15). The agreement among OMFR for detection of AMF was substantial (0.61), and among OMFS it was fair (0.22). Agreements between OMFR and OMFS were slight for BMC and fair for AMF, independently of the years of experience. Intraexaminer agreement ranged from 60% to 90% among OMFR and from 55% to 90% among OMFS. Conclusion: A slight and a fair agreement between OMFR and OMFS was found for the detection of BMC and AMF, respectively. In general, OMFR obtained higher agreement among themselves, mainly for detection of AMF.

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Double accessory mental foramina: report of an anatomical variant

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

The clinical anatomy of accessory mental nerves and foramina

The clinical anatomy of accessory mental nerves and foramina

The temporomandibular joint: pneumatic temporal cells open into the articular and extradural spaces

Interexaminer agreement between two dental specialties for the detection of bifid mandibular canal and accessory mental foramen in cone-beam computed tomography

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