Dothistroma pini Hulbary: A New Disease on Pine in Britain

Murray, Joseph; Batko, S.

doi:10.1093/forestry/35.1.57

Cited by 40 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The observation of a strong positive relationship between total summer precipitation and DNB severity was expected, as a similar relationship has been reported widely for several different host species (e.g. Murray & Batko, ; Cobb & Miller, ; Gadgil, , ; Muir & Cobb, ; Woods et al ., ). Nonetheless, this paper is the first report of this relationship both in Scotland and on Scots pine.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Between‐site and ‐year variation in the relative susceptibility of native Scottish Pinus sylvestris populations to dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2015

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Dothistroma needle blight (DNB), caused by Dothistroma septosporum, is currently the disease causing most concern in British pine plantations. Previous artificial inoculation (AI) experiments showed that native Scottish Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) populations vary in susceptibility to DNB. However, it is unclear if the relative susceptibility of Scots pine populations observed in these experiments can be replicated under natural conditions. It is also unknown whether relative susceptibility of Scots pine populations varies between sites or years. To answer these two questions, young Scots pine plants from six native Scottish populations (Abernethy, Allt Broighleachan, Amat, Beinn Eighe, Glen Cannich and Glen Loyne) were exposed to natural D. septosporum inoculum at two Scottish sites (Culbin and Torrs Warren) between 2012 and 2014. DNB disease incidence and severity was assessed each October. Relative susceptibilities of the Scots pine populations varied between sites and across years. In two of the three years at Torrs Warren (2012 and 2014), the relative susceptibilities of the populations were strongly positively correlated with those observed in previous AI experiments. In these years, trees from Glen Loyne and Glen Cannich were the most susceptible. Conversely, there was no correlation between the relative susceptibilities seen in any year at Culbin with those observed in AI experiments. At Culbin, Beinn Eighe was the most susceptible population. Across both sites, there was a strong positive relationship between total summer precipitation and DNB severity (R = 0Á93, t = 8Á2, P = 0Á001).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Between‐site and ‐year variation in the relative susceptibility of native Scottish Pinus sylvestris populations to dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2015

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“…Lodgepole pine P. contorta of two subspecies (contorta and latifolia) is grown principally in Scotland where it makes up 10% of the conifer area (Forestry Commission 2015;Lines, 1987 (Murray & Batko, 1962). No infection or damage to Scots pine was reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planting exotic relatives has increased the threat posed by Dothistroma septosporum to the Caledonian pine populations of Scotland

Piotrowska

Riddell

Hoebe

et al. 2017

Evolutionary Applications

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To manage emerging forest diseases and prevent their occurrence in the future, it is essential to determine the origin(s) of the pathogens involved and identify the management practices that have ultimately caused disease problems. One such practice is the widespread planting of exotic tree species within the range of related native taxa. This can lead to emerging forest disease both by facilitating introduction of exotic pathogens and by providing susceptible hosts on which epidemics of native pathogens can develop. We used microsatellite markers to determine the origins of the pathogen Dothistroma septosporum responsible for the current outbreak of Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) on native Caledonian Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) populations in Scotland and evaluated the role played by widespread planting of two exotic pine species in the development of the disease outbreak. We distinguished three races of D. septosporum in Scotland, one of low genetic diversity associated with introduced lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), one of high diversity probably derived from the DNB epidemic on introduced Corsican pine (Pinus nigra subsp. laricio) in England and a third of intermediate diversity apparently endemic on Caledonian Scots pine. These races differed for both growth rate and exudate production in culture. Planting of exotic pine stands in the UK appears to have facilitated the introduction of two exotic races of D. septosporum into Scotland which now pose a threat to native Caledonian pines both directly and through potential hybridization and introgression with the endemic race. Our results indicate that both removal of exotic species from the vicinity of Caledonian pine populations and restriction of movement of planting material are required to minimize the impact of the current DNB outbreak. They also demonstrate that planting exotic species that are related to native species reduces rather than enhances the resilience of forests to pathogens.

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“…In New Zealand, Gilmour (1981) showed that peaks in disease severity coincided with periods of rainfall, with little or no infection during dry periods. Other studies in England, Bulgaria, Hungary, Canada, USA, Chile, Colombia and Kenya also noted a clear link between high summer rainfall and high disease severity (Rogerson 1954;Murray and Batko 1962;Gibson et al 1964;Dubin 1967;Zlatanov 1977;Woods et al 2005;Archibald and Brown 2007;Fraser et al 2016b;Koltay 2015;Rodas et al 2015).…”

Section: Factors Contributing To Disease Developmentmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A DNB outbreak in England in the 1980s can be traced back to P. contorta and P. nigra subsp. laricio planting stock from a nursery where infection had been found in the 1950s (Murray and Batko 1962;M. S. Mullett personal communication).…”

Section: Exploration Of New Species/provenancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A worldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight

et al. 2016

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Summary Dothistroma needle blight (DNB) caused by Dothistroma septosporum and Dothistroma pini is a damaging disease of pine in many countries. The disease led to the abandonment of planting susceptible Pinus species in parts of Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America. Although the disease can be effectively controlled using copper fungicides, this chemical is only routinely applied in forests in New Zealand and Australia. Other management tactics aimed at making conditions less favourable for disease development, such as thinning or pruning, may be effective on some, but not all, sites. Disease avoidance, by planting non‐susceptible species, is the most common form of management in Europe, along with deployment of hosts with strong disease resistance. Although D. septosporum is present almost everywhere Pinus is grown, it is important that an effort is maintained to exclude introductions of new haplotypes that could increase virulence or enable host resistance to be overcome. A global strategy to exclude new introductions of Dothistroma and other damaging forest pathogens, facilitated by collaborative programmes and legislation, is needed.

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Dothistroma pini Hulbary: A New Disease on Pine in Britain

Cited by 40 publications

References 0 publications

Between‐site and ‐year variation in the relative susceptibility of native Scottish Pinus sylvestris populations to dothistroma needle blight

Between‐site and ‐year variation in the relative susceptibility of native Scottish Pinus sylvestris populations to dothistroma needle blight

Planting exotic relatives has increased the threat posed by Dothistroma septosporum to the Caledonian pine populations of Scotland

A worldwide perspective on the management and control of Dothistroma needle blight

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