Dosimetry associated with veterans who participated in nuclear weapons testing

Till, John E.; Beck, Harold L.; Aanenson, Jill W.; Grogan, Helen A.; Mohler, H. Justin; Mohler, S. Shawn; Voilleque, P.G.

doi:10.1080/09553002.2018.1551639

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…This guidance was consistently employed for each study cohort in the MPS [56] , [57] . Annual organ dose estimates are assigned based on defined exposure scenarios, exposure pathways, radiation monitoring devices using personal dosimeters, individual bioassay data, and by employing the latest guidance and dose coefficients from the NCRP and the International Commission on Radiological Protection [21] , [49] , [50] , [56] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] . In addition, the NCRP has recently developed improved kinetic and anatomical models for brain dosimetry for internally deposited radionuclides [15] , [63] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects

Dauer,

Walsh,

Mumma

et al. 2024

Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects

Dauer,

Walsh,

Mumma

et al. 2024

Zeitschrift für Medizinische Physik

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“…LDIR may also trigger immunosuppressive responses. Atomic veterans involved in U.S. nuclear testing (1945)(1946)(1947)(1948)(1949)(1950)(1951)(1952)(1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)(1957)(1958)(1959)(1960)(1961)(1962) were exposed to chronic LDIR (Beck et al 2017;Till et al 2018). These researchers collaborated to determine scientifically valid and precise estimates of radiation risk for atomic veterans who were concerned about predisposition to cancer and leukemia mortality.…”

Section: Low Dose Ionizing Radiation (Ldir) and Immune Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose ionizing radiation and the immune response: what is the role of non-targeted effects?

Dawood

Mothersill

Seymour

2021

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Objectives: This review aims to trace the historical narrative surrounding the low dose effects of radiation on the immune system and how our understanding has changed from the beginning of the 20th century to now. The particular focus is on the non-targeted effects (NTEs) of low dose ionizing radiation (LDIR) which are effects that occur when irradiated cells emit signals that cause effects in the nearby or distant non-irradiated cells known as radiation induced bystander effect (RIBE). Moreover, radiation induced genomic instability (RIGI) and abscopal effect (AE) also regarded as NTE. This was prompted by our recent discovery that ultraviolet A (UVA) photons are emitted by the irradiated cells and that these photons can trigger NTE such as the RIBE in unirradiated recipients of these photons. Given the well-known association between UV radiation and the immune response, where these biophotons may pose as bystander signals potentiating processes in deep tissues as a consequence of LDIR, it is timely to review the field with a fresh lens. Various pathways and immune components that contribute to the beneficial and adverse types of modulation induced by LDR will also be revisited. Conclusion:There is limited evidence for LDIR induced immune effects by way of a non-targeted mechanism in biological tissue. The literature examining low to medium dose effects of ionizing radiation on the immune system and its components is complex and controversial. Early work was compromised by lack of good dosimetry while later work mainly looks at the involvement of immune response in radiotherapy. There is a lack of research in the LDIR/NTE field focusing on immune response although bone marrow stem cells and lineages were critical in the identification and characterization of NTE where effects like RIGI and RIBE were heavily researched. This may be in part, a result of the difficulty of isolating NTE in whole organisms which are essential for good immune response studies. Models involving inter organism transmission of NTE are a promising route to overcome these issues.

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“…178 (NCRP 2018b) emphasizing the dosimetry and uncertainty approaches for the MPS (Dauer et al 2018). An article delineating the specific dosimetry associated with individual veterans who participated in nuclear weapons testing emphasizes the importance of an in-depth understanding of exposure scenarios (Till et al 2014;Beck et al 2017;Till et al 2018a), while another addresses approaches associated with dose reconstruction for internal emitters (Leggett et al 2018a). Dosimetry for medical radiation workers also is particularly unique and was given Quantitative information on female and male lung cancer risks is provided among workers in the MPS and TB-fluoroscopy cohorts (Boice et al 2019c).…”

Section: Introduction To the Special Issue On The Us Million Person Study Of Health Effects From Low-level Exposure To Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to the special issue on the US Million Person Study of health effects from low-level exposure to radiation

Boice

Bouville

Dauer

et al. 2021

International Journal of Radiation Biology

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Dosimetry associated with veterans who participated in nuclear weapons testing

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects

Moon, Mars and Minds: Evaluating Parkinson’s disease mortality among U.S. radiation workers and veterans in the million person study of low-dose effects

Low dose ionizing radiation and the immune response: what is the role of non-targeted effects?

Introduction to the special issue on the US Million Person Study of health effects from low-level exposure to radiation

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