Dosimetric considerations in mammography

Hatziioannou, Konstantinos; Psarrakos, Kyriakos; Molyvda-Athanasopoulou, E.; Kitis, G.; Papanastassiou, Emmanouil; Sofroniadis, Ioannis; Kimoundri, O.

doi:10.1007/s003309900209

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…It is possible to conclude that the use of thyroid protection is effective, with reductions ranging from 68.4% to 95.9%. In accordance with the comparative study by Hatziioannou et al [1] which had as objective verification of dose received by various organs radiosensitive, using a phantom and TLD it was concluded that a set of four views dose was 170µGy, which corroborates the results achieved in this study, in which it obtained 160µGy [1].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…They concluded that the thyroid is mostly exposed, being the average dose in all four exposures was 0,05±0,17mGy mAs -1 [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The mammography included two incidences for breast, the craniocaudal (CC) view and mediolateral oblique (MLO) view. Consequently, there is an increase in the number of exposures to radiation on breast and adjacent organs, appearing the need to evaluate the dose absorbed by risk organs, like thyroid gland [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hatziioannou et al [1] conducted a study to verify the dose received by various radiosensitive organs in mammography's, using a phamtom and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD). They concluded that the thyroid is mostly exposed, being the average dose in all four exposures was 0,05±0,17mGy mAs -1 [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Use of Thyroid Shield in Mammography: A Preliminary Study

Ribeiro

Entradas

Abrantes

et al. 2017

IJRRT

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Purpose: Verify if the use of thyroid shield was effective in reducing the radiation dose received by the thyroid in mammography. Materials and Methods:Using a General Electric Senograph DMR+ mammographer with two bucky's, thermoluminescent dosimeters and two phantoms, one of body and the other of breast, were made measurements in cranio-caudal and medio-lateral oblique views. The variation was made with and without thyroid shield, and in the breast without shield, on both views. Results:After collecting and analyzing data it was verified a 89% reduction of the entrance skin doses on thyroid with protection. Conclusion:Given the significant reduction of the dose and the principle ALARA we can conclude that the shield should be used by the Radiology service. However the use of the shield may provide artifacts, making difficult the analysis of the breast tissue and leading to the examination repetition increasing the radiation from the mammary gland, as well as the other organs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…They concluded that the thyroid is mostly exposed, being the average dose in all four exposures was 0,05±0,17mGy mAs -1 [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Use of Thyroid Shield in Mammography: A Preliminary Study

Ribeiro

Entradas

Abrantes

et al. 2017

IJRRT

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“…Several studies on the glandular dose to the breast from these high energy x-ray spectra in DBCT have been reported (1,2,7,9,17,18), but the effect that these higher energies have on the dose to the other organs of the body outside the primary x-ray field has not been investigated. Previous studies have found that the organs of the body receive low dose from planar mammography (19,20), but the dose to the organs from DBCT could be substantially higher due to the higher x-ray energy and different projection geometry used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo and Phantom Study of the Radiation Dose to the Body from Dedicated CT of the Breast

et al. 2008

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Purpose-To prospectively determine the radiation dose absorbed by the organs and tissues of the body during a dedicated computed tomography of the breast (DBCT) study using Monte Carlo methods and a phantom. Materials and Methods-Using the Geant4Monte Carlo toolkit, the Cristy anthropomorphic phantom and the geometry of a prototype DBCT was simulated. The simulation was used to track x-rays emitted from the source until their complete absorption or exit from the simulation limits. The interactions of the x-rays with the 65 different volumes representing organs, bones and other tissues of the anthropomorphic phantom that resulted in energy deposition were recorded. These data were used to compute the radiation dose to the organs and tissues during a complete DBCT acquisition relative to the average glandular dose to the imaged breast (ROD, relative organ dose), using the xray spectra proposed for DBCT imaging. The effectiveness of a lead shield for reducing the dose to the organs was investigated.Results-The maximum ROD among the organs was for the ipsilateral lung with a maximum of 3.25%, followed by the heart and the thymus. Of the skeletal tissues, the sternum received the highest dose with a maximum ROD to the bone marrow of 2.24%, and to the bone surface of 7.74%. The maximum ROD to the uterus, representative of that of an early-stage fetus, was 0.026%. These maxima occurred for the highest energy x-ray spectrum (80 kVp) analyzed. A lead shield does not protect substantially the organs that receive the highest dose from DBCT.Discussion-Although the dose to the organs from DBCT is substantially higher than that from planar mammography, they are comparable or considerably lower than those reached by other radiographic procedures and much lower than other CT examinations. Advances in Knowledge1. Our study, based on Monte Carlo methods and an anthropomorphic phantom, found that although the radiation dose received by the organs and tissues of the body outside the primary x-ray field from DBCT is considerably higher than that from planar mammography, it is still low (less than 8% of the average glandular dose to the imaged breast), and comparable to other radiographic applications.2. The inclusion of a 1 mm lead sheet inside the table top between the patient and the x-ray source does not substantially lower the dose to the higher-exposed organs, but it does decrease the dose to the uterus (by up to a factor of twenty). 3.The dose deposited in the uterus, representative of that deposited in an early-stage fetus, is low (less than 0.03% of the average glandular dose to the imaged breast). Implications for Patient Care 1.Our study results provide information on the radiation dose to the organs of the body from dedicated breast computed tomography. 2.In regards to using this procedure for women in early stages of pregnancy, we found low dose levels absorbed by the uterus during DBCT imaging.

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Radiation Dose in Mammography

Ali

2022

Digital Mammography

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Dosimetric considerations in mammography

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Evaluation of Use of Thyroid Shield in Mammography: A Preliminary Study

Evaluation of Use of Thyroid Shield in Mammography: A Preliminary Study

Monte Carlo and Phantom Study of the Radiation Dose to the Body from Dedicated CT of the Breast

Radiation Dose in Mammography

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