Dosimetric characterization and use of GAFCHROMIC EBT3 film for IMRT dose verification

Abstract

Radiochromic film has become an important tool to verify dose distributions in highly conformal radiation therapy such as IMRT. Recently, a new generation of these films, EBT3, has become available. EBT3 has the same composition and thickness of the sensitive layer of the previous EBT2 films, but its symmetric layer configuration allows the user to eliminate side orientation dependence, which is reported for EBT2 films. The most important EBT3 characteristics have been investigated, such as response at high‐dose levels, sensitivity to scanner orientation and postirradiation coloration, energy and dose rate dependence, and orientation dependence with respect to film side. Additionally, different IMRT fields were measured with both EBT3 and EBT2 films and evaluated using gamma index analysis. The results obtained show that most of the characteristics of EBT3 film are similar to the EBT2 film, but the orientation dependence with respect to film side is completely eliminated in EBT3 films. The study confirms that EBT3 film can be used for clinical practice in the same way as the previous EBT2 film.PACS number: 87.56.Fc

Gafchromic EBT‐XD film: Dosimetry characterization in high‐dose, volumetric‐modulated arc therapy

“…Similar to the EBT3 film, the EBT‐XD film has a symmetric structure. Our results demonstrate weaker dependence than that reported by Andrés et al (10) for EBT2 films ($\sim 7\%$–9%) and by Casanova Borca et al (11) for EBT3 films ($\sim 4.5\%$). The active particles in the EBT‐XD film are significantly smaller than those in the EBT3 film (16) .…”

“…The properties of these EBT films have been reported in several publications, based on investigations conducted by using several types of photon, electron, and proton beams 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 . Their energy response 7 , 8 , 11 absorption spectra (9) scanning orientation dependence 10 , 11 film homogeneity (12) temperature dependence 10 , 13 ambient light sensitivity (10) postexposure coloration 10 , 11 and variations among different lot numbers (14) were analyzed. The use of EBT3 films is limited to doses below 1000 cGy, owing to the optimality constraint on the film's red channel (10) .…”

Dose comparison between Gafchromic film, XiO, and Monaco treatment planning systems in a novel pelvic phantom that contains a titanium hip prosthesis

“…An Epson Perfection V330 Photo flat‐bed document scanner with a resolution of 72 dots per inch (dpi) was employed to read the films. Film images were scanned as raw 48‐bit RGB (16 bits per color) and saved in tagged‐image‐file format (TIFF) similar to procedures reported in literature 23, 25, 26. These images were processed using information in the 16 bit red (R) channel of the RGB tiff images.…”

Evaluation of targeted image-guided radiation therapy treatment planning system by use of american association of physicists in medicine task group-119 test cases

“…[11] Film dosimeters have some advantages for being 2D detectors that give permanent records of the measuring dose distribution at high resolutions. [1112]…”

“…[567] Recently, researchers have done TG-119 protocol on different planning systems, different detectors, and LINAC machines with different photon energies and obtained different gamma criteria. [8910111213141516]…”