Doses and risks from tritiated water and environmental organically bound tritium

Harrison, John

doi:10.1088/0952-4746/29/3/s02

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Unlike many previous studies, this study attempted to reproduce these requirements of very low-dose and dose-rate irradiation conditions. Additionally, the two major types of tritium, HTO and OBT were also included, as their different biochemical properties defining their intra-cellular localization and biokinetics suggest that they may produce biological effects with different efficiencies [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic damage analysis in mice chronically exposed to low-dose internal tritium beta-particle radiation

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to carry out a comprehensive examination of potential genotoxic effects of low doses of tritium delivered chronically to mice and to compare these effects to the ones resulting from equivalent doses of gamma-irradiation. Mice were chronically exposed for one or eight months to either tritiated water (HTO) or organically bound tritium (OBT) in drinking water at concentrations of 10 kBq/L, 1 MBq/L or 20 MBq/L. Dose rates of internal β-particle resulting from such tritium treatments were calculated and matching external gamma-exposures were carried out. We measured cytogenetic damage in bone marrow and in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the cumulative tritium doses (0.009 – 181 mGy) were used to evaluate the dose-response of OBT in PBLs, as well as its relative biological effectiveness (RBE). Neither tritium, nor gamma exposures produced genotoxic effects in bone marrow. However, significant increases in chromosome damage rates in PBLs were found as a result of chronic OBT exposures at 1 and 20 M Bq/L, but not at 10 kBq/L. When compared to an external acute gamma-exposure ex vivo, the RBE of OBT for chromosome aberrations induction was evaluated to be significantly higher than 1 at cumulative tritium doses below 10 mGy. Although found non-existent at 10 kBq/L (the WHO limit), the genotoxic potential of low doses of tritium (>10 kBq/L), mainly OBT, may be higher than currently assumed.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic damage analysis in mice chronically exposed to low-dose internal tritium beta-particle radiation

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The native content of tritium is not dangerous for organisms. High-energy tritium exposures (>4500 GBq or >124 Ci) are toxic for organisms suppressing their physiological functions [ 42 , 43 ]. The high-energy chronic toxicity of tritium is concerned with its ability to substitute protium, a naturally prevailing hydrogen isotope, in organic compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Rozhko

Kolesnik

Badun

et al. 2020

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The paper studies the combined effects of beta-emitting radionuclide tritium and Humic Substances (HS) on the marine unicellular microorganism—luminous bacteria—under conditions of low-dose radiation exposures (<0.04 Gy). Tritium was used as a component of tritiated water. Bacterial luminescence intensity was considered as a tested physiological parameter. The bioluminescence response of the marine bacteria to tritium corresponded to the “hormesis” model: it included stages of bioluminescence inhibition and activation, as well as the absence of the effect. HS were shown to decrease the inhibition and activation effects of tritium, similar to those of americium-241, alpha-emitting radionuclide, studied earlier. Correlations between the bioluminescence intensity and the content of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) were found in the radioactive bacterial suspensions. The results demonstrate an important role of HS in natural processes in the regions of low radioactive contamination: HS can mitigate radiotoxic effects and adaptive response of microorganisms to low-dose radioactive exposures. The involvement of ROS in these processes was demonstrated.

show abstract

“…In contrast, some OBT forms have very different biokinetics with residence times in organs and cells which are much longer than for HTO 3 . OBT forms are able to be incorporated within the cell and its nucleus, resulting in a higher probability of lethal damage to the cell 11–13 . It is therefore speculated that risks associated with tritium internal exposures may be underestimated 14,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hto, Tritiated Amino Acid Exposure and External Exposure Induce Differential Effects on Hematopoiesis and Iron Metabolism

Bertho

Kereselidze

Manens

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The increased potential for tritium releases from either nuclear reactors or from new facilities raises questions about the appropriateness of the current ICRP and WHO recommendations for tritium exposures to human populations. To study the potential toxicity of tritium as a function of dose, including at a regulatory level, mice were chronically exposed to tritium in drinking water at one of three concentrations, 10 kBq.l−1, 1 MBq.l−1 or 20 MBq.l−1. Tritium was administered as either HTO or as tritiated non-essential amino acids (TAA). After one month’s exposure, a dose-dependent decrease in red blood cells (RBC) and iron deprivation was seen in all TAA exposed groups, but not in the HTO exposed groups. After eight months of exposure this RBC decrease was compensated by an increase in mean globular volume - suggesting the occurrence of an iron deficit-associated anemia. The analysis of hematopoiesis, of red blood cell retention in the spleen and of iron metabolism in the liver, the kidneys and the intestine suggested that the iron deficit was due to a decrease in iron absorption from the intestine. In contrast, mice exposed to external gamma irradiation at equivalent dose rates did not show any change in red blood cell numbers, white blood cell numbers or in the plasma iron concentration. These results showed that health effects only appeared following chronic exposure to concentrations of tritium above regulatory levels and the effects seen were dependent upon the speciation of tritium.

show abstract

Doses and risks from tritiated water and environmental organically bound tritium

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Cytogenetic damage analysis in mice chronically exposed to low-dose internal tritium beta-particle radiation

Cytogenetic damage analysis in mice chronically exposed to low-dose internal tritium beta-particle radiation

Humic Substances Mitigate the Impact of Tritium on Luminous Marine Bacteria. Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species

Hto, Tritiated Amino Acid Exposure and External Exposure Induce Differential Effects on Hematopoiesis and Iron Metabolism

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About