Dose verification of proton beam therapy using the Gafchromic EBT film

Park, S.A.; Kwak, Jungwon; Yoon, Myonggeun; Shin, Dong Ho; Lee, S.B.; Cho, K.H.; Kang, Sang Koo; Kim, K.J.; Bae, Hyo-Sang; Park, S.Y.

doi:10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.06.027

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In a clinical environment the LET quenching occurs toward the end of the beam range, where the beam cannot be considered mono‐energetic. Consequently, the RE can directly be determined as a function of average beam quality or depth . A plethora of methods to correct the LET quenching was proposed in literature without one showing superiority to another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, the RE can directly be determined as a function of average beam quality 5,17 or depth. 24,25 A plethora of methods to correct the LET quenching was proposed in literature without one showing superiority to another. A fourth order polynomial correction based on the fluence average LET was applied to correct the depth dose distribution of a single energy (161.6 MeV) proton beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dose‐ rather than fluence‐averaged LET should be used as a single‐parameter descriptor of proton beam quality for radiochromic film dosimetry

et al. 2020

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Purpose: The dose response of Gafchromic EBT3 films exposed to proton beams depends on the dose, and additionally on the beam quality, which is often quantified with the linear energy transfer (LET) and, hence, also referred to as LET quenching. Fundamentally different methods to determine correction factors for this LET quenching effect have been reported in literature and a new method using the local proton fluence distribution differential in LET is presented. This method was exploited to investigate whether a more practical correction based on the dose-or fluence-averaged LET is feasible in a variety of clinically possible beam arrangements. Methods: The relative effectiveness (RE) was characterized within a high LET spread-out Bragg peak (SOBP) in water made up by the six lowest available energies (62.4-67.5 MeV, configuration "b 1 ") resulting in one of the highest clinically feasible dose-averaged LET distributions. Additionally, two beams were measured where a low LET proton beam (252.7 MeV) was superimposed on "b 1 ", which contributed either 50% of the initial particle fluence or 50% of the dose in the SOBP, referred to as configuration "b 2 " and "b 3 ," respectively. The proton LET spectrum was simulated with GATE/ Geant4 at all measurement positions. The net optical density change differential in LET was integrated over the local proton spectrum to calculate the net optical density and therefrom the beam quality correction factor. The LET dependence of the film response was accounted for by an LET dependence of one of the three parameters in the calibration function and was determined from inverse optimization using measurement "b 1 ." This method was then validated on the measurements of "b 2 " and "b 3 " and subsequently used to calculate the RE at 900 positions in nine clinically relevant beams. The extrapolated RE set was used to derive a simple linear correction function based on dose-averaged LET (L d ) and verify the validity in all points of the comprehensive RE set. Results: The uncorrected film dose deviated up to 26% from the reference dose, whereas the corrected film dose agreed within 3% in all three beams in water ("b 1 ", "b 2 " and "b 3 "). The LET dependence of the calibration function started to strongly increase around 5 keV/lm and flatten out around 30 keV/lm. All REs calculated from the proton fluence in the nine simulated beams could be approximated with a linear function of dose-averaged LET (RE = 1.0258À0.0211 lm/keV L d ). However, no functional relationship of RE-and fluence-averaged LET could be found encompassing all beam energies and modulations. Conclusions: The film quenching was found to be nonlinear as a function of proton LET as well as of the dose-averaged LET. However, the linear relation of RE on dose-averaged LET was a good approximation in all cases. In contrast to dose-averaged LET, fluence-averaged LET could not describe the RE when multiple beams were applied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose‐ rather than fluence‐averaged LET should be used as a single‐parameter descriptor of proton beam quality for radiochromic film dosimetry

et al. 2020

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“…The problem lies in the fact that the correction procedure is not simple. Various methods have been suggested and investigated to make a proper correction of the dose profiles measured with EBT2 and EBT3 Gafchromic films (Park et al, 2011;Carnicer et al, 2013;Fiorini et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of 2D distributions of absorbed dose in protontherapy with Gafchromic EBT3 films

Gambarini

Regazzoni

Artuso

et al. 2015

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

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“…At the time according to IAEA recommendations formulated at TRS-398 protocol [4], the suggested dosimetry tools are flat and cylindrical ionization chambers and water phantoms. Recently the promising techniques arising to use the anthropomorphic phantoms of human head [5] and radiochromic films [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Practice of Additive Manufacturing for Estimation of Average Absorbed Dose in Clinical Proton Beams

Сабуров¹,

Troshina²,

Golovanova³

et al. 2018

KEG

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There is a necessary requirement to provide precise dosimetry measurements for radiotherapy and radiobiological studies in the proton beams. The most common practice nowadays to obtain the dose distribution is the use of ionization chambers.However, for many needs, it is also required to estimate an average absorbed dose in the target, while the targets themselves might have complex geometries and large volumes. One of the recent successful method for such measurement is the chemical dosimetry using FBX solutions coupled with the additive manufacturing, which can ensure the accurate representation of complex target geometries. In this study, we chose an optimal chemically neutral material for 3D printing that is not reacting with any of FBX compounds, manufactured the sealed waterproof target models with complex geometry and performed preliminary measurements of the average absorbed dose in a number of volumes representing the different shapes of the targets. The obtained results strongly confirm the possibility of the use of the presented technology for practical dosimetry of proton beams.

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Dose verification of proton beam therapy using the Gafchromic EBT film

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Dose‐ rather than fluence‐averaged LET should be used as a single‐parameter descriptor of proton beam quality for radiochromic film dosimetry

Dose‐ rather than fluence‐averaged LET should be used as a single‐parameter descriptor of proton beam quality for radiochromic film dosimetry

Measurements of 2D distributions of absorbed dose in protontherapy with Gafchromic EBT3 films

The Practice of Additive Manufacturing for Estimation of Average Absorbed Dose in Clinical Proton Beams

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