Dose–response functions for the soiling of heritage materials due to air pollution exposure

Watt, John; Jarrett, David; Hamilton, R.

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.024

Cited by 53 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In urban areas soiling is a visible damage resulting from the darkening of exposed surfaces by the deposition of atmospheric particles (e.g. Watt et al 2008). So it is possible that the darkening (reduction of reflectance) of treated skins was due to atmospheric particle deposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible effect of dirtiness on structurally based ultraviolet plumage

Griggio

Serra

Pilastro

2011

Italian Journal of Zoology

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To cite this article: M. Griggio , L. Serra & A. Pilastro (2011) The possible effect of dirtiness on structurally based ultraviolet plumage, Italian Journal of Zoology, 78:1, 90-95, DOI: 10.1080/11250003.2010 AbstractColourful feathers are important traits in female mate choice in birds because the colour properties of the feathers are often correlated with individual condition during moult. Feather colour can change after moult, and dirt accumulation has been suggested to contribute to this variation. However, we still know little about the influence of dirt on feather colour change, possibly because it is difficult to experimentally manipulate the level of feather dirtiness. We investigated whether reflectance properties of feathers exposed to naturally deposited soil (atmospheric particle deposition such as dust, pollution and smoke) differ from feathers for which this contact was prevented. To achieve this, we compared the spectral colour of throat-breast feathers of European starling, Sturnus vulgaris, kept in the open air (dirty group) with those preserved within a plastic envelope (clean group). Before treatment and three and six weeks after the beginning of the treatment we measured the plumage reflectance of the two groups of feathers. While clean feathers did not change their reflectance spectra, the dirty group showed a reduced reflectance along the entire spectrum (300-700 nm). The reduction in reflectance was particularly pronounced in the UV range (300-400 nm). These preliminary results are consistent with the idea that feather colours are not static signals but are plastic traits. However, much work remains to determine the role of soil and air pollution in altering plumage colouration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The possible effect of dirtiness on structurally based ultraviolet plumage

Griggio

Serra

Pilastro

2011

Italian Journal of Zoology

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“…The results for DRFs (for the multi-pollutant situation except for the case of weathering steel) based on data from all the ICP Materials test sites are presented below in Eqs. (1)- (6) (Kucera et al, 2005Watt et al, 2008;Verney-Carron and Lombardo, 2013) along with correlation coefficients R 2 , root mean square deviations (RMSDs) and normalised root mean square devia- tions (NRMSDs) between observed and predicted values for Athens, Greece. In addition to these, we present newly developed DRFs, Eqs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DRFs are relationships between the corrosion or soiling rates and the levels or loads of pollutants in combination with climatic parameters. The corrosion is mainly caused by chemical reactions on the material surface involving air pollutants (e.g., SO 2 , NO x and O 3 ), while soiling is principally depicted as loss of reflectance (Watt et al, 2008). Concerning the latter, the incorporation of PM 10 concentration into the above-mentioned relationship allows for the generation of empirical dose-response functions for soiling (Brimblecombe and Grossi, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of air pollution and climate on materials in Athens, Greece

et al. 2017

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Abstract. For more than 10 years now the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece, has contributed to the UNECE (United Nations Economic Commission for Europe) ICP Materials (International Co-operative Programme on Effects on Materials including Historic and Cultural Monuments) programme for monitoring the corrosion/soiling levels of different kinds of materials due to environmental air-quality parameters. In this paper we present the results obtained from the analysis of observational data that were collected in Athens during the period 2003-2012. According to these results, the corrosion/soiling of the particular exposed materials tends to decrease over the years, except for the case of copper. Based on this long experimental database that is applicable to the multi-pollutant situation in the Athens basin, we present dose-response functions (DRFs) considering that "dose" stands for the air pollutant concentration, "response" for the material mass loss (normally per annum) and "function", the relationship derived by the best statistical fit to the data.

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“…In particular, the project is finalized to study in Rome, corrosion and soiling phenomena to identify specific algorithms (Brimblecombe and Grossi 2004;Watt et al 2008) that can describe the correlation between the "dose" (the concentrations of air pollutants and climatic parameters) and the "response" (the damage suffered by exposed materials). Carrara marble and glass specimens (microscope slides) were exposed for the evaluation of soiling processes while marble and copper based samples were positioned for the analysis of corrosion/erosion mechanisms (Urosevic 2012;Lombardo et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%