Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Kadhim, Kadhim Ali; Ismael, Dowser Khalil; Khalaf, Ban Hoshi; Hussein, Khalid I.; Zalzala, Munaf H.; Hussain, Saad Abdulrahman

doi:10.4236/jdm.2012.22028

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…This result was in agreement with Fadil et al, (2011) who reported that the use of metformin alone in diabetic males for 90 days have significantly decrease serum leptin levels by about 40.6%. Also, the treatment of diabetic females with different doses of metformin, significantly decreases the serum levels of leptin after 3 months treatment compared to baseline values (P < 0.05) (Kadhim et al, 2012).…”

Section: Mean ± Sd Groupsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effects of Metformin vs. Glibenclamide on Serum Leptin Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Mahmood¹,

Tawfiq²

2013

RJS

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This study was done to assess the effects of metformin and glibenclamide on serum leptin concentration in type 2 diabetic patients. The study involved 137 patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus. They were divided into 3 groups. The first group involves 35 newly diagnosed diabetic patients, who did not take any hypoglycemic agents. The second group involves 52 patients on metformin monotherapy, whereas the third group involves 50 patients on glibenclamide monotherapy. Another group which involved 35 apparently healthy subjects was used as control group. These four groups were matched. age, gender, and BMI Serum glucose concentration was estimated by the enzymatic method, while serum leptin concentration was measured using ELISA kit. The results showed that serum leptin concentration was lower in metformin group than that in glibenclamide group. In addition, there was a significant correlation between serum leptin level and BMI. No correlation was found between serum leptin level and fasting serum glucose. Therefore, the results indicated that metformin, in compared with glibenclamide, can significantly reduce the serum leptin concentration in overweight diabetic patients, consequently reducing the resistance against hormone action, and improving its action, which may lead to explain the known anorexigenic effect of metformin and its ability to reduce or prevent weight gain. In conclusion, plasma leptin level can be used as an indicator for the choice of treatment in those diabetic patients.

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Section: Mean ± Sd Groupsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effects of Metformin vs. Glibenclamide on Serum Leptin Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Mahmood¹,

Tawfiq²

2013

RJS

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“…Because metformin exists in its cationic form in the physiologic pH range, its passage across cell membranes is dependent on transporters, which determine its absorption, distribution, and elimination in various tissues. 14,15 The primary mediator of metformin uptake is the organic cation transporter OCT1, encoded by SLC22A1, which facilitates its cellular uptake. 16,17 In addition, metformin is transported by OCT2 from the circulation into the renal epithelial cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Metformin in Healthy Elderly Subjects

Jang

Chung

Yoon

et al. 2016

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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Age-related physiological changes are known to alter the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of drugs. Metformin is commonly used as first-line medication for management of diabetes in elderly patients. However, the PK and PD of metformin have not been sufficiently studied in elderly subjects. Here, 12 elderly subjects, aged 65 to 85 years, and 20 younger healthy volunteers were orally administered 750 mg of metformin 2 hours after dinner, followed by administration of a second dose (500 mg) 12 hours later. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed 2 hours after the second dose, with 75 g of glucose administered. Blood samples were collected at specific time points after the second metformin dose for the assessment of PK and the glucose-lowering effect of metformin. Elderly subjects exhibited 1.7 and 2.0 times higher average Cmax and AUC∞ than the younger subjects, respectively (P = .007 and .001, respectively), and t1/2 was comparable between the elderly and younger subjects. However, relative glucose level changes from baseline after metformin administration tended to be lower in elderly subjects. Systemic exposure to metformin was elevated by 50% or more in elderly subjects, whereas the glucose-lowering effect was similar compared to younger subjects after 2 doses of metformin.

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“…Metformin is currently the first-line drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Related studies have found that 4,5 it can effectively reduce blood sugar, lower insulin level, and increase insulin sensitivity with effects of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant stress, and anti-tumor. Relevant study has shown that 6 in type 2 diabetes patients treated with statins and metformin at the same time, the incidence of prostate cancer is significantly lower.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of metformin on the improvement of prostate cancer in diabetic rats

Hou

Xiong

2019

Eur J Inflamm

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This study was designed to investigate the effect of metformin on the improvement of prostate cancer in diabetic rats. A total of 20 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were equally divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group received intragastric metformin 200 mg/kg, while the control group was given intragastric drinking water for 4 weeks. Tumor volumes were compared, all tumor specimens underwent routine pathological examination, immunohistochemical detection of E-cadherin and N-cadherin, and western blot assay. The tumor volume of control and intervention group was 462.15 ± 45.67 and 23.46 ± 5.32 mm 3 , respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed partial visible glandular structure with deepened nuclear staining in the intervention group. Immunohistochemistry showed high expression (6.5 ± 0.28 vs 3.8 ± 0.26, P < 0.05) of E-cadherin and low expression (3.4 ± 0.12 vs 7.8 ± 0.34, P < 0.05) of N-cadherin in the intervention group. Western blot assay showed higher expression of E-cadherin, while low N-cadherin in the intervention group. Metformin can effectively alleviate lesion extent of prostate cancer and mechanism may be related to upregulation of E-cadherin and downregulation of N-cadherin expression.

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Dose-dependent relationship between serum metformin levels and glycemic control, insulin resistance and leptin levels in females newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Effects of Metformin vs. Glibenclamide on Serum Leptin Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Effects of Metformin vs. Glibenclamide on Serum Leptin Concentration in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Tolerability of Metformin in Healthy Elderly Subjects

Effect of metformin on the improvement of prostate cancer in diabetic rats

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