Dose-Dependent Alterations in the Biomarkers of Lipid and Protein Oxidation in the Muscle Tissue of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss Walbaum) After in Vitro Treatment by Extracts of Great Celandine (Chelidonium Majus L.)

Abstract

Consistent with our previous studies, we continue to evaluate the antioxidant potential of representatives of the Papaveraceae family collected from the northern part of Poland on the model of muscle tissue of rainbow trout. Therefore, in the current study, oxidative stress biomarkers [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (OMP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)] were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts derived from stalks and roots of great celandine (Chelidonium majus L., CM) at a final dose of 5 mg/mL, 2,5 mg/mL, 1,25 mg/mL and 0,63 mg/mL. Homogenate of muscle tissues derived from rainbow trout was used in this in vitro study. Phosphate buffer was used as a positive control (blank). After incubation of the mixture at 25°C for 120 min with continuous mixing, samples were used for biochemical studies. Our studies have shown that the use of extracts at a final dose of 5 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml resulted in a statistically significant increase of lipid peroxidation biomarkers (TBARS levels) in the muscle tissue of rainbow trout. The final dose of extract 1.25 mg/ml caused a statistically significant increase in the levels of aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of OMP, and this is reflected when measuring the levels of TAC. On the other hand, the use of extracts at a final dose of 0.63 mg/ml derived from both roots and stems of CM resulted in statistically significant reduced levels of TBARS, as well as aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of OMP in the muscle tissue of rainbow trout after in vitro incubation. The comparison of these results showed that CM extracts can effectively inhibit the production of oxidatively modified carbonyls by scavenging free radicals. The secondary metabolites of CM, i.e. polyphenols, are most likely responsible for this effect. Screening of species of the family Papaveraceae for other biological activities, including antioxidant activity, is essential and may be effective in the search for preventive measures in the pathogenesis of some diseases, as well as in the prevention and treatment of some disorders in veterinary and medicine. Keywords: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum), muscle tissue, oxidative stress, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), aldehydic and ketonic derivatives of oxidatively modified proteins (OMP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC).