Dorsoventral asymmetry of photosynthesis and photoinhibition in flag leaves of two rice cultivars that differ in nitrogen response and leaf angle

Kumagai, Etsushi; Hamaoka, Norimitsu; Araki, Toshimitsu; Ueno, Osamu

doi:10.1111/ppl.12145

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Gas exchange was measured with an infrared CO 2 /H 2 O gas analyzer Inc.,Lincoln,NE,U.S.A) installed in an open gas-exchange system, as described in Kumagai et al (2014), at a photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 1500 μmol m −2 s −1 , a leaf temperature of 30 °C, 60% relative humidity, and atmospheric [CO 2 ]. Net photosynthetic rate (P N ) and stomatal conductance (g s ) were calculated as described in Long and Hallgren (1985).…”

Section: Gas Exchange Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, how the N level regulates the differentiation of both M and BS cells in C 4 plants remains uncertain. When plants grow under N limitation, they often experience photoinhibition (Kumagai et al, 2014;Lu & Zhang, 2000;Verhoeven et al, 1997). We have almost no information about how the thylakoid system of M and BS chloroplasts responds to N limitation.…”

Section: Leaf N Content and Photosynthetic N Use Efficiency (Pnue)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data show that this fundamental mechanism of NADP-ME-type biochemistry is retained irrespective of N level. On the other hand, plants grown under low N levels may experience photoinhibition (Kumagai et al, 2014;Lu & Zhang, 2000;Verhoeven et al, 1997). The reduced grana in the M chloroplasts may be an acclimatization to N limitation.…”

Section: Anatomical Traits Of Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Makino

Ueno

2018

Plant Production Science

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Nitrogen (N) is one of the major nutrients influencing photosynthesis and productivity of C 4 plants as well as C 3 plants. C 4 photosynthesis operates through close coordination between mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells. However, how the development of structural and physiological traits in leaves of C 4 plants is regulated under N limitation remains uncertain. We investigated structural and physiological responses of leaves of the NADP-ME-type C 4 grass Sorghum bicolor to N limitation. Plants were grown under four levels of N supply (.05 to .6 g N per 5-L pot). Decreasing N supply resulted in decreases in net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, leaf N and chlorophyll contents, and the activity ratio of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase to ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and increases in δ 13 C values and photosynthetic N use efficiency. Low-N leaves were thinner and had smaller photosynthetic cells, especially in M, resulting in lower M/BS tissue area ratio, and contained smaller and fewer chloroplasts. The BS chloroplasts in the low-N leaves accumulated abundant starch grains. The number of thylakoids per granal stack was reduced in M chloroplasts but not in BS chloroplasts. The low-N leaves had thicker cell walls, especially in the BS cells, which might be associated with less negative δ 13 C values, and fewer plasmodesmata in the BS cells. These data reveal structural and physiological responses of C 4 plants to N limitation, most of which would be related to cellular N allocation, light use, CO 2 diffusion and leakiness, and metabolite transport under N limitation.

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Section: Gas Exchange Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Leaf N Content and Photosynthetic N Use Efficiency (Pnue)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anatomical Traits Of Leavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Makino

Ueno

2018

Plant Production Science

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“…The PROSTRATE GROWTH 1 gene has a notable quantitative influence on the canopy structure of rice, and there is a difference in the leaf inclination of different varieties of rice [18][19][20]. The typical rice HLH (helix loop helix) protein BRASSINOSTEROID UPREGULATED 1-LIKE1 (OsBUL1) is preferentially expressed in the lamina joint where it controls cell elongation and positively affects leaf angles [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canopy Light Utilization and Yield of Rice under Rain-Catching and Controlled Irrigation

Guo

et al. 2018

Water

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In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the rainfall is greater in summer. The technology of rain catching and controlled irrigation of rice help to save water by raising the water depth of the field after rain while the soil water content during the rest period is maintained at 70–100% of field capacity. The objectives of this study were to evaluate rice growth, canopy light utilization, and yield of rice under different rain-catching and controlled irrigation modes (T1: light drought and low storage, T2: light drought and high storage), and to find the optimal storage depth after rain for rice. Measurements included the rice plant height, tiller number, high tiller growth, leaf angle, canopy interception rate, and yield shape. The plot experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 using Nanjing 44 (Oryza sativa L.) as the test material. The results showed that T1 treatment improved the height of rice plants and the number of effective tillers in the late growth stage. The number of high tillers had a great influence on the total leaf dry quality; compared with conventional irrigation (CK), the number of high tillers increased by 11.36% and 7.87% in T1 and T2, respectively; the canopy interception rate of T1 above 0 cm was higher than that in T2 and CK; and the leaf area index (LAI) was closely related to the 0–40 cm of canopy light distribution. The number of grains per panicle in T1 was lower than in CK and T2; however, the number of grains in T1 was less, and the 1000 grain weight was higher. On the 63 days and 83 days after transplanting in 2012 and 78 days after transplanting in 2013, the first, second, and third leaf angles of T1 were larger. Rain-catching and controlled irrigation can increase the dry weight and shoot dry weight of rice, and light drought and low storage (T1) conditions are good for maintaining a high yield because of more tiller number, more grains per panicle and reasonable light distribution.

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“…Phosphate deficiency induces Syg1/Pho81/XPR1 (SPX1) and SPX2 expression, which inhibit REGULATOR OF LEAF INCLINATION (RLI1), a positive regulator of leaf inclination, reducing leaf angle via suppression of downstream BR signaling (Ruan et al, 2018). Under low N, leaf angle is reduced in rice and eucalyptus to avoid damage by photoinhibition (Close and Beadle, 2006;Kumagai et al, 2014). Under nutrient deficiencies, rice grows slowly and has fewer tillers, lower chlorophyll content, and lower yield (Dobermann and Fairhurst, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strigolactones Decrease Leaf Angle in Response to Nutrient Deficiencies in Rice

et al. 2020

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Strigolactones (SLs) are a class of plant hormones that are synthesized from b-carotene through sequential reactions catalyzed by DWARF (D) 27, D17, D10, and OsMORE AXILLARY GROWTH (MAX) 1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In rice, endogenous SL levels increase in response to deficiency of nitrogen, phosphate, or sulfate (−N, −P, or −S). Rice SL mutants show increased lamina joint (LJ) angle as well as dwarfism, delayed leaf senescence, and enhanced shoot branching. The LJ angle is an important trait that determines plant architecture. To evaluate the effect of endogenous SLs on LJ angle in rice, we measured LJ angle and analyzed the expression of SL-biosynthesis genes under macronutrient deficiencies. In the "Shiokari" background, LJ angle was significantly larger in SL mutants than in the wild-type (WT). In WT and SL-biosynthesis mutants, direct treatment with the SL synthetic analog GR24 decreased the LJ angle. In WT, deficiency of N, P, or S, but not of K, Ca, Mg, or Fe decreased LJ angle. In SL mutants, deficiency of N, P, or S had no such effect. We analyzed the time course of SL-related gene expression in the LJ of WT deficient in N, P, or S, and found that expression of SL-biosynthesis genes increased 2 or 3 days after the onset of deficiency. Expression levels of both the SLbiosynthesis and signaling genes was particularly strongly increased under −P. Rice cultivars "Nipponbare", "Norin 8", and "Kasalath" had larger LJ angle than "Shiokari", interestingly with no significant differences between WT and SL mutants. In "Nipponbare", endogenous SL levels increased and the LJ angle was decreased under −N and −P. These results indicate that SL levels increased in response to nutrient deficiencies, and that elevated endogenous SLs might negatively regulate leaf angle in rice.

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Dorsoventral asymmetry of photosynthesis and photoinhibition in flag leaves of two rice cultivars that differ in nitrogen response and leaf angle

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Canopy Light Utilization and Yield of Rice under Rain-Catching and Controlled Irrigation

Strigolactones Decrease Leaf Angle in Response to Nutrient Deficiencies in Rice

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Dorsoventral asymmetry of photosynthesis and photoinhibition in flag leaves of two rice cultivars that differ in nitrogen response and leaf angle

Cited by 30 publications

References 47 publications

Structural and physiological responses of the C4 grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Structural and physiological responses of the C4 grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Canopy Light Utilization and Yield of Rice under Rain-Catching and Controlled Irrigation

Strigolactones Decrease Leaf Angle in Response to Nutrient Deficiencies in Rice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation

Structural and physiological responses of the C₄ grass Sorghum bicolor to nitrogen limitation