Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex morphology and short-term outcome in first-episode schizophrenia

Prasad, Konasale M.; Sahni, Sarah D.; Rohm, Brian R.; Keshavan, Matcheri S.

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2004.05.009

Cited by 60 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These functions have been related with symptom severity and outcome in schizophrenia. [37][38][39] In this study, we found that fractional anisotropy in the genu of the corpus callosum was negatively correlated with total PANSS score and positively correlated with GAS scores in patients with schizophrenia; these results were consistent with those of a prior study. 40 A study of patients with chronic schizophrenia also reported similar results: specifically, that fractional anisotropy decreased in the areas of the corpus callosum interconnecting with frontal regions and that the integrity of the anterior corpus callosum was significantly correlated with negative and positive symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Complementary diffusion tensor imaging study of the corpus callosum in patients with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia

Kong

Ouyang²,

Tao³

et al. 2011

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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Background: Abnormalities in the corpus callosum have long been implicated in schizophrenia. Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies in patients with different durations of schizophrenia yielded inconsistent results. By comparing patients with different durations of schizo phrenia, we investigated if white matter abnormalities of the corpus callosum emerge at an early stage in the illness or result from pathological progression. Methods: We recruited patients with first-episode schizophrenia, patients with chronic schizophrenia and age-, sexand handedness-matched healthy controls. We used 2 DTI techniques (voxel-based and fibre-tracking DTI) to investigate differences in corpus callosum integrity among the 3 groups. Results: With both DTI techniques, significantly decreased fractional anisotropy values were identified in the genu of corpus callosum in patients with chronic schizophrenia, but not first-episode schizophrenia, compared with healthy controls. Limitations: This study was cross-sectional, and the sample size was relatively small. Conclusion: Abnormalities in the genu of the corpus callosum might be a progressive process in schizophrenia, perhaps related to disease severity and prognosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Complementary diffusion tensor imaging study of the corpus callosum in patients with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia

Kong

Ouyang²,

Tao³

et al. 2011

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Molina et al [35] compared ‘Kraepelinian' with ‘non-Kraepelinian' patients and showed that the Kraepelinian patients had a significant decrease in grey matter in the frontal, limbic, occipital and striato-thalamic regions. Prasad et al [36] scanned 27 neuroleptic-naïve patients in their first episode of schizophrenia and found that manual tracings of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortical volume predicted functional outcome at 1 year. Kasparek et al [37] agreed that the left prefrontal cortical volume predicted good functional outcome at 1 year (based on a GAF score of 60 or above) in 32 first-episode schizophrenia patients compared with 18 healthy controls, but all patients had received treatment when scanned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRI Predicts Remission at 1 Year in First-Episode Schizophrenia in Females with Larger Striato-Thalamic Volumes

Fung¹,

Cheung²,

Chen³

et al. 2014

Neuropsychobiology

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Background/Aims: The Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group has defined remission as ‘a low-mild symptom intensity level, maintained for a minimum of 6 months, where such symptoms do not affect an individual's behaviour' [Andreasen et al.: Am J Psychiatry 2005;162:441-449]. Since brain morphology relates to symptomatology, treatment and illness progression, MRI may assist in predicting remission. Methods: Thirty-nine patients newly diagnosed with DSM-IV schizophrenia underwent MRI brain scan prior to antipsychotic exposure. The Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) score was entered into a voxel-based analysis to evaluate its relationship with cerebral grey matter volume from the baseline MRI. We entered age, total intracranial volume and intake GAF score as co-variates. Males and females were analysed separately because gender is a potent determinant of outcome. Results: Males had lower GAF scores than females, both at intake and at 1 year. Males comprised only 40% (12 out of 39) of the early remission group. For females only, early remission was strongly and positively correlated with bilateral lentiform and striatal volumes. For males, there was no such relationship. Conclusion: Larger striato-thalamic volume correlated with early remission in females only. These baseline MRI findings were unlikely to be confounded by antipsychotic treatment and chronicity. These brain morphological markers show gender dimorphism and may assist in the prediction of early remission in newly diagnosed schizophrenia.

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“…The posterior putamen showed connections to the primary sensory/motor area and the posterior SMA, whereas the ventral striatum revealed connections to the orbitomedial frontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus, and temporal lobe. These prefrontal-striatal connections may constitute the anatomical substrate underlying executive dysfunctions as well as the visuospatial disorientation associated with neurological (for example, PD) and psychiatric (for example, schizophrenia) conditions (Monchi et al, 2004;Park and Holzman, 1993;Parnetti and Calabresi, 2006;Prasad et al, 2005;RodriguezSanchez et al, 2005). For instance, Matsui et al (2007) showed a significant reduction of the fractional anisotropy in the left parietal white matter in non-demented PD patients who performed poorly on the WCST.…”

Section: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (Dti) Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease

Leh

Petrides

Strafella

2009

Neuropsychopharmacol

172

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In our constantly changing environment, we are frequently faced with altered circumstances requiring generation and monitoring of appropriate strategies, when novel plans of action must be formulated and conducted. The abilities that we call upon to respond accurately to novel situations are referred to as 'executive functions', and are frequently engaged to deal with conditions in which routine activation of behavior would not be sufficient for optimal performance. Here, we summarize important findings that may help us understand executive functions and their underlying neuronal correlates. We focus particularly on observations from imaging technology, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, position emission tomography, diffusion tensor imaging, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, which in the past few years have provided the bulk of information on the neurobiological underpinnings of the executive functions. Further, emphasis will be placed on recent insights from Parkinson's disease (PD), in which the underlying dopaminergic abnormalities have provided new exciting information into basic molecular mechanisms of executive dysfunction, and which may help to disentangle the cortical/subcortical networks involved in executive processes.

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Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex morphology and short-term outcome in first-episode schizophrenia

Cited by 60 publications

References 42 publications

Complementary diffusion tensor imaging study of the corpus callosum in patients with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia

Complementary diffusion tensor imaging study of the corpus callosum in patients with first-episode and chronic schizophrenia

MRI Predicts Remission at 1 Year in First-Episode Schizophrenia in Females with Larger Striato-Thalamic Volumes

The Neural Circuitry of Executive Functions in Healthy Subjects and Parkinson's Disease

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