Dormancy and Germination in Alpine Carex from the Colorado Front Range

Amen, Ralph D.; Bonde, Erik K.

doi:10.2307/1934941

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Such recent workers as Amen and Bonde ( 1964), Harper and Williams (196S), Cavers and Harper (1966), and Steiner (1968) have reported germination polymorphism in selected species. That is, individuals in the population may produce seed which differ considerably in their germination requirements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

Populational Variation in Germination of Weedy Species

Palmblad¹

1969

Ecology

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Germination tests were conducted on seed from individual plants and from bulk samples representing 174 populations and 105 species to survey the prevalence of germination polymorphism in flowering plants in Utah and surrounding areas. Twenty—two populations representing 15 species (about 1/8 of the populations sampled) exhibited polymorphism, as measured by the germination of seed from individuals of percentages significantly different from those of bulk samples. Several of the 15 species, including Bromus tectorum, Rumex crispus, and Amaranthus retroflexus, were represented by populations with germination polymorphism and by populations without it.

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confidence: 90%

Populational Variation in Germination of Weedy Species

Palmblad¹

1969

Ecology

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“…Few studies have examined the mechanisms of alpine plant regeneration, but researchers have generalized that sexual reproduction is less important than vegetative propagation (e.g., Billings and Mooney 1968, Bliss 1971, Grime 1979. However, seed studies of species from various alpine environments indicate that many species produce viable seed (Bliss 1958, Amen and Bonde 1964, Bonde 1965, Amen 1966, Sayers and Ward 1966, Marchand and Roach 1980, Reynolds 1984, Haggas et al 1987, Chambers et al 1987c) and that seed dormancy occurs in only 20-40% of the species (Bliss 1985). In addition, successful seedling establishment of alpine species has been observed under natural conditions (Brink 1964, Bonde 1968, Bliss 1971, Jolls and Bock 1983 and following seeding or transplanting experiments (Harrington 1946, Brown et al 1976, 1978, Selner and King 1977, Roach and Marchand 1984.…”

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confidence: 99%

Alpine Seedling Establishment: The Influence of Disturbance Type

Chambers¹,

MacMahon²,

Brown³

1990

Ecology

128

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The effects of disturbance type on seedling environment and establishment of alpine species with different physiological and life history traits were examined during a 2—yr study on the Beartooth Plateau in southwestern Montana, USA. We compared soil temperatures, water potentials, and nutrients on mineral soils of a gravel borrow area with those on highly organic soils of a Geum turf area. Seedling emergence, growth, and survival of six seeded species (Geum rossii, Artemisia scopulorum, Potentilla diversifolia, Sibbaldia procumbens, Deschampsia cespitosa, and Festuca idahoensis) and emergence and survival of five unseeded species (Draba crassifolia, Draba incerta, Cerastium arvense, Arenaria rubella, and Androsace septentrionalis) were evaluated on both areas. The effects of N and P nutrient addition and surface organic mulch on the soil environment and seedling establishment were evaluated on the borrow area, while differences between uncleared turf and turf cleared of vegetation were compared on the Geum turf area. Plots cleared of vegetation on the Geum turf area had higher levels of soil N (NO3—) and P than uncleared turf and both higher levels of N (NO3— + NH4+) and P and higher soil temperatures (surface, 5, and 15 cm depths) than fertilized or not—fertilized borrow area treatments. Fertilization increased N and P on borrow area soils, but after 2 yr N had decreased significantly. Soil water potentials (5 and 15 cm depths) did not differ between cleared plots on the Geum turf area or any of the borrow area treatments and were never low enough to cause plant stress. Vegetated Geum turf had significantly lower water potentials than cleared plots, especially late in the growing season. Mulch had no effect on soil water potential or nutrients on the borrow area and increased soil temperatures only on clear days during the first growing season. Wind removed or redistributed the mulch over time, thus decreasing potential effects. Seedling emergence was highly dependent on soil surface stabilization and reflected species life history traits. Growth of seedlings was slow, and varied among species and treatments: 0.005—0.04 and 0.02—0.20 g total mass after the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Significantly higher total seedling mass was observed on cleared Geum turf plots than on any of the borrow area treatments, and on fertilized than on not—fertilized plots on the borrow area. Seedling mortality of most species was much lower than previously found for alpine ecosystems, rarely exceeding 50% even after 2 yr. On the borrow area mulch increased survival, probably through microenvironmental amelioration. The nutrient pulse from fertilization mortality of several species, presumably by creating plant nutrient demands in excess of availability during year 2. Both disturbance characteristics and species life history and physiological traits affected seddling establishment. Pretreatment soil properties of the two disturbance types had the greatest effects on soil temperatures and nutrients and, consequentl...

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“…En faisant rtftrence aux rtsultats obtenus par Amen (1962), nos populations, surtout celle de C . sempervirens ssp.…”

Section: Discussion Et Conclusionunclassified

Contribution à l'étude écologique du complexe orophile Carex sempervirens (Cyperaceae) : étude expérimentale de la germination de populations pyrénéennes

Georges¹,

Lazare²

1983

Can. J. Bot.

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R e~u le 28 octobre 198 1 GEORGES, F., et J.-J. LAZARE. 1983. Contribution i 1'Ctude Ccologique du complexe orophile Carex setnpervirens (Cyperaceae): Ctude expkrimentale de la germination de populations pyrCnCennes. Can. J. Bot. 61: 135-141. Dans le cadre de 1'Ctude Ccologique du complexe orophile Carex sempervirens Vill., sont comparCes expkrimentalement les germinations des akknes de deux populations pyrCnCennes choisies comme tCmoins. L'une appartient i la sous-espkce sempervirens a 2n = 30 chromosomes, et l'autre i la sous-espkce grat~itica (Br.-Bl.) C. Vicioso a 2t1 = 34 chromosomes. Vingt-neuf protocoles experimentaux combinant divers prktraitements (stratification, scarification) et conditions de temperature et de lumikre ont Ct C rCalisCs. Les akknes ne manifestent pas de dormance. Les deux populations se comportent differemment: la population de granitica prCsente une trks forte photosensibilitC positive et, en gCnCral, sa vitesse et sa capacitC de germination sont inferieures a celles de la population de sempervirens. Les conditions expkrimentales optimales de germination semblent Stre rCalisCes apres stratification des akknes, en regime photopCriodique de 16 h et a tempkrature continue de 20°C. GEORGES, F., and J.-J. LAZARE. 1983. Contribution i 1'Ctude Ccologique du complexe orophile Carex sempervirens (Cyperaceae): Ctude expkrimentale de la germination de populations pyrCnCennes. Can. J . Bot. 61: 135-141.Within the framework of the ecological study of the orophilous complex Carex sempervirens Vill., the germination of achenes of two Pyrenean populations are compared as references. One of them belongs to the subspecies sempervirens with 2n = 30 chromosomes and the other one to the subspecies granitica (Br.-Bl.) C. Vicioso with 2n = 34 chromosomes. Twenty-nine experimental treatments including various pretreatments (stratification, scarification) and temperature and light conditions were examined. The achenes did not exhibit any dormancy. The behaviour of the two populations was different; the population of the subspecies granitica showed a very important positive photosensibility and, in general, a lower speed and percentage of germination than the population of the subspecies sempervirens. ' The optimum experimental conditions for germination seem to be realized with stratification of achenes, followed by 16 h photoperiods and a constant temperature of 20°C.

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Dormancy and Germination in Alpine Carex from the Colorado Front Range

Cited by 19 publications

References 11 publications

Populational Variation in Germination of Weedy Species

Populational Variation in Germination of Weedy Species

Alpine Seedling Establishment: The Influence of Disturbance Type

Contribution à l'étude écologique du complexe orophile Carex sempervirens (Cyperaceae) : étude expérimentale de la germination de populations pyrénéennes

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