Doppler radar remote sensing of respiratory function

Abstract

Doppler radar remote sensing of torso kinematics can provide an indirect measure of cardiopulmonary function. Motion at the human body surface due to heart and lung activity has been successfully used to characterize such measures as respiratory rate and depth, obstructive sleep apnea, and even the identity of an individual subject. For a sedentary subject, Doppler radar can track the periodic motion of the portion of the body moving as a result of the respiratory cycle as distinct from other extraneous motions that may occur, to provide a spatial temporal displacement pattern that can be combined with a mathematical model to indirectly assess quantities such as tidal volume, and paradoxical breathing. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that even healthy respiratory function results in distinct motion patterns between individuals that vary as a function of relative time and depth measures over the body surface during the inhalation/exhalation cycle. Potentially, the biomechanics that results in different measurements between individuals can be further exploited to recognize pathology related to lung ventilation heterogeneity and other respiratory diagnostics.

A novel target state detection method for accurate cardiopulmonary signal extraction based on FMCW radar signals

“…Radar can detect human presence in indoor environments ( Mercuri et al, 2013 ; Gennarelli et al, 2022 ). Radar can track the periodic movement of body parts caused by breathing, which can be used for system diagnosis of breathing problems such as apnea ( Sun, 2019 ; Islam et al, 2021 ; Ishrak et al, 2023 ). Radar sensing technology can also perform gesture recognition and classification for human-computer interaction ( Sharma et al, 2023 ).…”