Doppler Radar Observations on the Structure and Characteristics of Tropical Clouds during TOGA-COARE IOP in Manus, Papua New Guinea

Satoh, Shinsuke; Kinoshita, Atsushi; Uyeda, Hiroshi

doi:10.2151/jmsj1965.73.2b_443

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…S2), and the convective center of the MJO shifted from the maritime continents to the Pacific Ocean. Rainband systems northeast of New Guinea were also observed in the other MJO events during TOGA-COARE IOP (Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere-Coupled Ocean Atmosphere Response Experiment, Intensive Observation Period) from November 1992 to February 1993 (22,23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 71%

A Madden-Julian Oscillation Event Realistically Simulated by a Global Cloud-Resolving Model

Miura

Satoh

Nasuno

et al. 2007

Science

322

317

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A Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a massive weather event consisting of deep convection coupled with atmospheric circulation, moving slowly eastward over the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Despite its enormous influence on many weather and climate systems worldwide, it has proven very difficult to simulate an MJO because of assumptions about cumulus clouds in global meteorological models. Using a model that allows direct coupling of the atmospheric circulation and clouds, we successfully simulated the slow eastward migration of an MJO event. Topography, the zonal sea surface temperature gradient, and interplay between eastward- and westward-propagating signals controlled the timing of the eastward transition of the convective center. Our results demonstrate the potential making of month-long MJO predictions when global cloud-resolving models with realistic initial conditions are used.

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mentioning

confidence: 71%

A Madden-Julian Oscillation Event Realistically Simulated by a Global Cloud-Resolving Model

Miura

Satoh

Nasuno

et al. 2007

Science

322

317

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“…He also showed the evolution of the CC from a convective to a stratiform phase, especially the development of a cold pool to a deep front-torear flow. Satoh et al (1995) found that fastmoving, slow-moving and stratiform-type mesoscale cloud systems developed consecutively, and composed a tropical cloud cluster. Ishihara et al (1992) described the structure of a squall line that formed a large cloud shield comparable to an MCC near Okinawa Island.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of a Dissipating Cloud Cluster over the East China Sea: A TRMM-Aircraft Simultaneous Observation

Nakai

Nakamura

Minda

et al. 2004

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite and a dropsonde-equipped aircraft made simultaneous observations of a cloud cluster (CC) over the East China Sea. Hourly GMS equivalent blackbody temperature (TBB) showed that the CC was in the dissipating stage. The structure of the CC was analyzed using TRMM, dropsonde and rawinsonde data. The cloud top of the CC was an anvil composed of a dense area and a thin area. The precipitation within the cloud area of the CC (defined by TBB < À30 C) was stratiform, and corresponded to the dense anvil area of the CC. The thin anvil area extended to the outside of an apparent CC cloud area. The CC had a multi-layer structure, and shallow convection developed below the thin anvil in the convectively unstable lower troposphere with low-level convergence. The echo top of the shallow convection was less than 4 km (630 hPa). The shallow convection generated an outflow from its upper part. The outflow blew into the area of negative pressure anomaly below the dense anvil at levels of 650 hPa and 750 hPa. Meanwhile, a southeasterly dry wind blew into the stratiform precipitation area of the CC at levels between 700 hPa and 850 hPa. The dry inflow was cooled by evaporation within the precipitation of the CC, resulting in the formation of the negative potential temperature anomaly. Evaporation cooling occurred in the stratiform precipitation region; however, the negative potential temperature anomaly did not reach the surface. It is inferred that the evaporation cooling was not important to the initiation of the shallow convection, although it affected the structure of the CC.

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“…No study to date describes a method for obtaining deep‐cloud momentum flux estimates of precipitating convection from radar data sets. Doppler radar has however been extensively used to understand the two‐ and three‐dimensional wind fields within deep convection [ Jorgensen and Smull , 1993; Scott and Rutledge , 1995; Satoh et al , 1995; Fujiyoshi et al , 1998]. Other uses of Doppler data toward understanding atmospheric moist convection include microphysical retrievals [ Konishi et al , 1988; Wu et al , 2000], the initialization of numerical models [e.g., Bielli and Roux , 1999; Wu et al , 2000], and especially the direct retrieval of air motions for severe storm studies [e.g., Wurman , 1994].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A method for estimating momentum fluxes of deep precipitating convection using profiling Doppler radar

Mecikalski

2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] This paper outlines a novel approach for obtaining estimates of momentum fluxes for deep precipitating convection. This method relies on data collected by vertically incident profiling Doppler radars but may be applied to aircraft-or space-based radar systems. This work represents a significant step forward toward the evaluation of convective momentum transports across regional scales using data from operational satellite systems (e.g., the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) instrument . The method is tested against numerically simulated convection using the University of WisconsinNonhydrostatic Modeling System (UW-NMS) mesoscale and cloud-resolving model. The radar-estimated momentum fluxes are found to match in sign and relative magnitude through the depth of the convective clouds studied compared to those obtained from model simulation.

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Doppler Radar Observations on the Structure and Characteristics of Tropical Clouds during TOGA-COARE IOP in Manus, Papua New Guinea

Cited by 9 publications

References 28 publications

A Madden-Julian Oscillation Event Realistically Simulated by a Global Cloud-Resolving Model

A Madden-Julian Oscillation Event Realistically Simulated by a Global Cloud-Resolving Model

Characteristics of a Dissipating Cloud Cluster over the East China Sea: A TRMM-Aircraft Simultaneous Observation

A method for estimating momentum fluxes of deep precipitating convection using profiling Doppler radar

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