Doped and reactive silicon thin film anodes for lithium ion batteries: A review

Salah, Mohammed; Hall, Colin; Murphy, Peter; Francis, Candice; Kerr, Robert; Stoehr, Bastian; Rudd, Sam; Fabretto, Manrico

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230194

Cited by 46 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…Among the various candidate materials, [113][114][115][116] Silicon (Si) is considered an attractive anode material due to its high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g À1 ), environmental friendliness, and low discharge potential. [117][118][119] It is strategically advantageous to add flexible materials to fabricate these silicon-material-based flexible batteries. Silk, which is mainly produced by silkworms (made of fibroin and sericin), has many advantageous properties for example higher mechanical properties, greater biocompatibility, large-area, and low-cost.…”

Section: Flexible Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphite, as an anode material, is the most used material for conventional LIBs, but its low theoretical capacity (372 mAh g −1 ) limits its application to high energy density storage devices, 110–112 and the requirement for alternative materials has emerged. Among the various candidate materials, 113–116 Silicon (Si) is considered an attractive anode material due to its high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g −1 ), environmental friendliness, and low discharge potential 117–119 . It is strategically advantageous to add flexible materials to fabricate these silicon‐material‐based flexible batteries.…”

Section: Flexible Energy For All‐day Monitoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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All‐day wearable health monitoring system

Han

Naqi

Kim

et al. 2022

EcoMat

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Wearable devices are widely used in the smart healthcare monitoring system to detect changes in user parameters through applications such as wristwatches, bands, and clothing electronic skin. In addition, multimode devices enable monitoring of vital signs, helping diagnose and prevent diseases. A wearable device detects the user's biological signals such as body temperature, movement, heartbeat, and humidity level, transmits the information to the mobile phone, and sends the information to an emergency center/family/clinician through cloud computing or wireless communication systems. This all‐day monitoring system enables the user's status information to be monitored 24 h a day to ensure appropriate treatment, thereby facilitating highly personalized care due to its human‐centricity. When integrated with higher‐level infrastructure, it is expected to be useful in healthcare scenarios, providing benefits to multiple stakeholders. In addition, it will help protect people exposed to potentially life‐threatening environments such as military personnel, first responders, and deep‐sea and space explorers. In this review, the components for implementing an all‐day monitoring system are described, including the electrode design strategy for realizing a skin attachable e‐skin device. Issues related to flexible storage devices and recent research results are also discussed.

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Section: Flexible Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flexible Energy For All‐day Monitoring Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

All‐day wearable health monitoring system

Han

Naqi

Kim

et al. 2022

EcoMat

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“…Another method that can improve silicon's performance is the coating (mainly carbon based) of silicon particles and creation of a "core-shell" structure [9,10]. Doped silicon anodes have also shown improved electrochemical performance and cyclic resistance in comparison with pure silicon [11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the active interest in Si-based anodes for LIBs [3,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]40], the works devoted to the utilization of electrolytic silicon deposits as the LIB anode material are limited [41][42][43][44][45][46]. The highest characteristics for silicon obtained by electrodeposition are on carbon cloth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

et al. 2021

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Currently, silicon and silicon-based composite materials are widely used in microelectronics and solar energy devices. At the same time, silicon in the form of nanoscale fibers and various particles morphology is required for lithium-ion batteries with increased capacity. In this work, we studied the electrolytic production of nanosized silicon from low-fluoride KCl–K2SiF6 and KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melts. The effect of SiO2 addition on the morphology and composition of electrolytic silicon deposits was studied under the conditions of potentiostatic electrolysis (cathode overvoltage of 0.1, 0.15, and 0.25 V vs. the potential of a quasi-reference electrode). The obtained silicon deposits were separated from the electrolyte residues, analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and spectral analysis, and then used to fabricate a composite Si/C anode for a lithium-ion battery. The energy characteristics of the manufactured anode half-cells were measured by the galvanostatic cycling method. Cycling revealed better capacity retention and higher coulombic efficiency of the Si/C composite based on silicon synthesized from KCl–K2SiF6–SiO2 melt. After 15 cycles at 200 mA·g−1, material obtained at 0.15 V overvoltage demonstrates capacity of 850 mAh·g−1.

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“…While many different cathode chemistries exist, graphite/carbon is the most commercially utilized anode material for LIBs as it enjoys several advantages such as low cost, natural abundance, long cycle life, low operating voltage, and excellent conductivity. , However, the low specific capacity of carbon has been considered a stumbling block against increasing the gravimetric (Wh/kg) and volumetric (Wh/l) energy densities of LIBs. , Silicon, as an alternative, has a specific capacity of 4200 mAh/g, which is approximately 11 times higher than that of graphite, 372 mAh/g . However, silicon suffers from low electronic conductivity and significant volume expansion during cycling resulting in significantly reduced cycle lifetime, which has delayed its commercial uptake. − Various silicon structures and fabrication methods have been investigated as a means of overcoming this issue with the most common being nanotubes, nanowires, nanoparticles, and thin films. ,,, Of the options that have been produced, silicon thin-film structures have a large surface area-to-volume ratio, which allows for an enhanced lithiation/delithiation process as a result of increased electron transport and lithium diffusion through the thin-film structure …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Vapor Deposition Cluster Arrival Energy Enhances the Electrochemical Performance of Silicon Thin-Film Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

Salah

Pathirana

Eulate

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Silicon is a leading candidate material to replace carbon/graphite, the commonly used anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), because it has an 11 times higher theoretical specific capacity. However, silicon anodes have two main issues, low electronic conductivity and large volume expansion during cycling, and these issues present challenges in the manufacture of mechanically stable high-electrochemical-performance Si electrodes. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is an alternative fabrication process that can produce binderless compact Si thin films suitable for microbatteries and thin flexible devices. Despite numerous studies exploring the use of vacuum-based PVD silicon films, no definitive information has been recorded correlating how changes in process parameters affect the properties of the resulting deposited films and how this influences anode performance in Li-ion batteries. In this work, process parameters (i.e., deposition power and gas working pressure) were altered for various Si film deposition trials. Electronic resistivity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), residual film stress, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were performed for a thorough physico/chemico analysis of the various films. This information was used to interpret the differences in discharge capacity and capacity retention obtained from the various Si anodes using galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling from assembled coin cells. CV measurements were used to corroborate performance outcomes, as well as to calculate Li-ion diffusion coefficients.

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Doped and reactive silicon thin film anodes for lithium ion batteries: A review

Cited by 46 publications

References 115 publications

All‐day wearable health monitoring system

All‐day wearable health monitoring system

Electrochemical Synthesis of Nano-Sized Silicon from KCl–K2SiF6 Melts for Powerful Lithium-Ion Batteries

Physical Vapor Deposition Cluster Arrival Energy Enhances the Electrochemical Performance of Silicon Thin-Film Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries

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