“…Adult rat retinas were used for all of the experiments reported here for a number of reasons: the presence, synthesis, and release of dopamine, as well as dopamine receptor activation and regulation of cAMP, have been demonstrated; the anatomy and distribution of dopaminesensitive cell types are known; and depletion of dopamine has a conspicuous behavioral effect (Malmfors, 1963;Pycock and Smith, 1983;Voigt and Wä ssle, 1987;Bjelke et al, 1996;Shulman and Fox, 1996;Feigenspan et al, 2001;Puopolo et al, 2001;Patel et al, 2003). Sprague-Dawley rats (female, P60 -P120, 150 -250 g) were obtained from a commercial supplier (Harlan Bioproducts; Indianapolis, IN) and housed in standard cages at room temperature (ϳ23°C) on a 12-hour/12-hour light/ dark cycle.…”