Dopaminergic therapy in children with restless legs/periodic limb movements in sleep and ADHD

Walters, Arthur S.; Mandelbaum, David E.; Lewin, Daniel; Kugler, Steven L.; England, S. J.; Miller, Michael R.

doi:10.1016/s0887-8994(99)00152-6

Cited by 247 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Although available data on the degree to which treatment for insomnia may reduce the risk for daytime consequences are limited in both adolescents and adults, there is some evidence that ADHDlike symptoms improve subsequent to treatment for sleep problems. 45,46 Thus, treatment and prevention of insomnia may be important priorities in adolescent health.…”

Section: Significance Of Insomnia In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

et al. 2006

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OBJECTIVE. The confluence of sleep/wake cycle and circadian rhythm changes that accompany pubertal development and the social and emotional developmental tasks of adolescence may create a period of substantial risk for development of insomnia. Although poor sleep affects cognitive performance and is associated with poor emotional and physical health, epidemiologic studies among adolescents have been limited. In this first epidemiologic study of insomnia defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria in a US sample of adolescents, we estimated lifetime prevalence of insomnia, examined chronicity and onset, and explored the role of pubertal development. METHODS. Data come from a random sample of 1014 adolescents who were 13 to 16 years of age, selected from households in a 400000-member health maintenance organization encompassing metropolitan Detroit. Response rate was 71.2%. The main outcome measured was DSM-IV–defined insomnia. RESULTS. Lifetime prevalence of insomnia was 10.7%. A total of 88% of adolescents with a history of insomnia reported current insomnia. The median age of onset of insomnia was 11. Of those with insomnia, 52.8% had a comorbid psychiatric disorder. In exploratory analyses of insomnia and pubertal development, onset of menses was associated with a 2.75-fold increased risk for insomnia. There was no difference in risk for insomnia among girls before menses onset relative to boys, but a difference emerged after menses onset. In contrast, maturational development was not associated with insomnia in boys. CONCLUSIONS. Insomnia seems to be common and chronic among adolescents. The often found gender difference in risk for insomnia seems to emerge in association with onset of menses.

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Section: Significance Of Insomnia In Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

et al. 2006

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“…Iron deficiency is thought to be a common pathophysiological mechanism underlying this association (Konofal et al 2007), and indeed a subset of children with ADHD and low serum ferratin levels have been shown to exhibit greater movements during sleep (Cortese et al 2009b). Iron is necessary for the synthesis of dopamine (Earley et al 2000), and while the complex relationship between RLS, PLMS, and ADHD is not yet fully understood, it is possible that these disorders share a common dopaminergic deficit (Walters et al 2000). Indeed all three disorders respond to dopaminergic treatments (Maheswaran and Kushida 2006), strengthening the hypothesis that the dopamine pathway is important in explaining the links between these symptoms.…”

Section: Restless Legs Syndrome (Rls): Rls Is Characterised By Unpleamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Barclay

Gregory

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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Sleep changes throughout the lifespan, with particularly salient alterations occurring during the first few years of life, as well as during the transition from childhood to adolescence. Such changes are partly the result of brain maturation; complex changes in the organisation of the circadian system; as well as changes in daily routine, environmental demands and responsibilities.Despite the automaticity of sleep, given that it is governed by a host of complex mechanisms, there are times when sleep becomes disturbed. Sleep disturbances in childhood are common and may stem from behavioural difficulties or abnormalities in physiological processes and, in some cases manifest into diagnosable sleep disorders. As well as occurring exclusively, childhood sleep disturbances often co--occur with other difficulties. The purpose of this chapter is to outline the neurobiology of typical sleep/wake processes, and describe changes in sleep physiology and architecture from birth to adulthood. Furthermore, common childhood sleep disorders are described as are their associations with other traits, including all of the syndromes presented in this handbook: ASDs, ADHD, schizophrenia, and emotional/ behavioural difficulties. Throughout, we attempt to explain possible mechanisms underlying these disorders and their associations.

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“…We know that sleep difficulties with no explanatory cause can be mistaken for ADHD [25], and that the kind of symptoms observed in primary sleep disorders-such as sleep-related breathing disorders or periodic limb movement disorders-can often be mistaken for ADHD as they are very similar to ADHD core symptoms. These disorders are found to be related to hyperactivity and inattentiveness [9-11, 17, 40, 41], and the treatment of these sleep disorders has reduced-or even cured-both hyperactivity and inattentiveness [13,47]. It has also been proposed that an unstable sleep schedule could be the result of biological immaturity or a dysfunction somehow related to inattentiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental rating of sleep in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Hvolby¹,

Jørgensen

Bilenberg

2009

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Objective: Sleep problems have often been associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Parents of those with ADHD and children with ADHD report sleep difficulties more frequently than healthy children and their parents. The primary objective of this paper is to describe sleep patterns and problems of 5 to 11-year-old children suffering from ADHD as described by parental reports and sleep questionnaires. Method: The study included 321 children aged 5–11 years (average age 8.4 years); 45 were diagnosed with ADHD, 64 had other psychiatric diagnoses, and 212 were healthy. One hundred and ninety-six of the test subjects were boys and 125 were girls. A semi-structured interview (Kiddie-SADS-PL) was used to DSM-IV diagnose ADHD and comorbidity in the clinical group. Sleep difficulties were rated using a structured sleep questionnaire (Children Sleep Behaviour Scale). Results: Children diagnosed with ADHD had a significantly increased occurrence of sleep problems. Difficulties relating to bedtime and unsettled sleep were significantly more frequent in the ADHD group than in the other groups. Children with ADHD showed prolonged sleep onset latency, but no difference was shown regarding numbers of awakenings per night and total sleep time per night. Comorbid oppositional defiant disorder appeared not to have an added effect on problematic behaviour around bedtime. Conclusion: Parents of children with ADHD report that their children do not sleep properly more often than other parents. The ADHD group report problems with bedtime resistance, problems with sleep onset latency, unsettled sleep and nightmares more often than the control groups. It may therefore be relevant for clinicians to initiate a closer examination of those cases reporting sleep difficulties

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Dopaminergic therapy in children with restless legs/periodic limb movements in sleep and ADHD

Cited by 247 publications

References 31 publications

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

Epidemiology of DSM-IV Insomnia in Adolescence: Lifetime Prevalence, Chronicity, and an Emergent Gender Difference

Sleep in Childhood and Adolescence: Age-Specific Sleep Characteristics, Common Sleep Disturbances and Associated Difficulties

Parental rating of sleep in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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