Dopaminergic signals in primary motor cortex

Luft, Andreas R.; Schwarz, Stefanie

doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2009.05.004

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Similarly, it is unlikely that SCH23390 facilitated extinction learning given that it did not increase the rate of decline in active lever responding during the test session in the cocaine context (Figure 2c). Furthermore, the effect of SCH23390 was anatomically specific to the OFC in that bilateral infusions of SCH23390 into the dorsally adjacent M1/2 region did not alter cocaine seeking (Figure 2d) similar to other reward-related motor behaviors in previous studies (Hosp et al, 2011;Luft and Schwarz, 2009;Molina-Luna et al, 2009). Although SCH23390 has been routinely used to ascertain the functional contribution of dopamine D1-like receptors, it also acts as a serotonin 5-HT 2C receptor agonist (Kalkman et al, 1998;Rupniak et al, 1986), and systemic 5-HT 2C receptor stimulation attenuates explicit cue-and context-induced Figure S1 for placement distribution) and retrogradely labeled cell bodies were quantified bilaterally in the areas identified on the schematics adapted from the rat brain atlas of Paxinos and Watson (1997).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Contribution of a Mesocorticolimbic Subcircuit to Drug Context-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Lasseter

Xie

Arguello

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Cocaine-seeking behavior triggered by drug-paired environmental context exposure is dependent on orbitofrontal cortex (OFC)-basolateral amygdala (BLA) interactions. Here, we present evidence supporting the hypothesis that dopaminergic input from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the OFC critically regulates these interactions. In experiment 1, we employed site-specific pharmacological manipulations to show that dopamine D1-like receptor stimulation in the OFC is required for drug context-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior following extinction training in an alternate context. Intra-OFC pretreatment with the dopamine D1-like receptor antagonist, SCH23390, dose-dependently attenuated cocaine-seeking behavior in an anatomically selective manner, without altering motor performance. Furthermore, the effects of SCH23390 could be surmounted by co-administration of a sub-threshold dose of the D1-like receptor agonist, SKF81297. In experiment 2, we examined effects of D1-like receptor antagonism in the OFC on OFC-BLA interactions using a functional disconnection manipulation. Unilateral SCH23390 administration into the OFC plus GABA agonist-induced neural inactivation of the contralateral or ipsilateral BLA disrupted drug context-induced cocaine-seeking behavior relative to vehicle, while independent unilateral manipulations of these brain regions were without effect. Finally, in experiment 3, we used fluorescent retrograde tracers to demonstrate that the VTA, but not the substantia nigra, sends dense intra-and interhemispheric projections to the OFC, which in turn has reciprocal bi-hemispheric connections with the BLA. These findings support that dopaminergic input from the VTA, via dopamine D1-like receptor stimulation in the OFC, is required for OFC-BLA functional interactions. Thus, a VTA-OFC-BLA neural circuit promotes drug context-induced motivated behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Contribution of a Mesocorticolimbic Subcircuit to Drug Context-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Lasseter

Xie

Arguello

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…M1 harbors dopaminergic terminals (for review, see Luft and Schwarz, 2009) that optimize motor skill learning and the ability of M1 synapses to undergo long-term potentiation (LTP)-LTP is a cellular mechanism that is used in M1 during skill acquisition (RioultPedotti et al, 2000(RioultPedotti et al, , 2007. Blocking dopaminergic transmission in M1 reduces LTP and the effectiveness of skill learning but leaves synaptic transmission and movement execution unaffected (Molina-Luna et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One potential origin of dopaminergic terminals in M1 are midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, which are known to project to prefrontal cortex (Lindvall et al, 1974) (for review, see Luft and Schwarz, 2009). These mesocortical projections play an important role in associative learning paradigms and in the development of addictions by relaying information about reward stimuli to cortex (Schultz, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dopaminergic Projections from Midbrain to Primary Motor Cortex Mediate Motor Skill Learning

Hosp¹,

Pekanovic²,

et al. 2011

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The primary motor cortex (M1) of the rat contains dopaminergic terminals. The origin of this dopaminergic projection and its functional role for movement are obscure. Other areas of cortex receive dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain, and these projections are involved in learning phenomena. We therefore hypothesized that M1 receives a dopaminergic projection from VTA and that this projection mediates the learning of a motor skill by inducing cellular plasticity events in M1. Retrograde tracing from M1 of Long-Evans rats in conjunction with tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry identified dopaminergic cell bodies in VTA. Electrical stimulation of VTA induced expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos in M1, which was blocked by intracortical injections of D 1 and D 2 antagonists. Destroying VTA dopaminergic neurons prevented the improvements in forelimb reaching seen in controls during daily training. Learning recovered on administration of levodopa into the M1 of VTA-lesioned animals. Lesioning VTA did not affect performance of an already learned skill, hence, left movement execution intact. These findings provide evidence that dopaminergic terminals in M1 originate in VTA, contribute to M1 plasticity, and are necessary for successful motor skill learning. Because VTA dopaminergic neurons are known to signal rewards, the VTA-to-M1 projection is a candidate for relaying reward information that could directly support the encoding of a motor skill within M1.

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“…nucleus accumbens or amygdala), the primary motor cortex (M1) also harbors dopaminergic terminals (for review see (Luft and Schwarz 2009). Recently, the dopaminergic connection between midbrain and M1 has been linked to a function, as the integrity of this pathway is a necessity for successful motor learning in rats (Hosp et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topography and collateralization of dopaminergic projections to primary motor cortex in rats

2015

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Dopaminergic signaling within the primary motor cortex (M1) is necessary for successful motor skill learning. Dopaminergic neurons projecting to M1 are located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA, nucleus A10) of the midbrain. It is unknown which behavioral correlates are encoded by these neurons. The objective here is to investigate whether VTA-M1 fibers are collaterals of projections to prefrontal cortex (PFC) or nucleus accumbens (NAc) or if they form a distinct pathway. In rats, multiple-site retrograde fluorescent tracers were injected into M1, PFC and the core region of the NAc and VTA sections investigated for concomitant labeling of different tracers. Dopaminergic neurons projecting to M1, PFC and NAc were found in nucleus A10 and to a lesser degree in the medial nucleus A9. Neurons show high target specificity, minimal collateral branching to other than their target area and hardly cross the midline. Whereas PFC-and NAc-projecting neurons are indistinguishably intermingled within the ventral portion of dopaminergic nuclei in middle and caudal midbrain, M1-projecting neurons are only located within the dorsal part of the rostral midbrain. Within M1, the forelimb representation receives sevenfold more dopaminergic projections than the hindlimb representation. This strong rostro-caudal gradient as well as the topographical preference to dorsal structures suggest that projections to M1 emerged late in the development of the dopaminergic systems in and form a functionally distinct system.

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Dopaminergic signals in primary motor cortex

Cited by 80 publications

References 118 publications

Contribution of a Mesocorticolimbic Subcircuit to Drug Context-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Contribution of a Mesocorticolimbic Subcircuit to Drug Context-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior in Rats

Dopaminergic Projections from Midbrain to Primary Motor Cortex Mediate Motor Skill Learning

Topography and collateralization of dopaminergic projections to primary motor cortex in rats

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