Dopaminergic Sensory Cells in the Epidermis of the Earthworm

Spörhase-Eichmann, Ulrike; Winkler, Margret; Schürmann, Friedrich‐Wilhelm

doi:10.1007/s001140050547

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Among the monoamine-containing sensory cells, 5-HT-IR neurons occur singly in the prostomium and the epithelium of the body wall (Reglődi et al 1997b), whereas DA-IR sensory nerve cells are located alone in the body wall and in large multicellular sensory buds (Spörhase-Eichmann et al 1998). The two types of DA-IR cells may have different functions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical characterization of nervous elements innervating the body wall of earthworms (Lumbricus, Eisenia): immunohistochemical and pharmacological studies

et al. 2005

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The distribution and chemical neuroanatomy of nervous elements and certain pharmacological-physiological characteristics of the innervation of the body wall in earthworms are described. Solitary sensory bipolar cells can be found among the epithelial cells. These bipolar cells contain serotonin, tyrosine hydroxylase, histamine, gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA), Eisenia tetradecapeptide, proctolin or rhodopsin in various combinations. In the body wall, the plexus sub-muscularis is composed of nerve fibres only, whereas the plexus sub-epithelialis and muscularis also contain solitary nerve cells. These cells display histamine, GABA or neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity. The fibres of the three plexuses are reactive to serotonin, histamine, Eisenia tetradecapeptide, proctolin, GABA and neuropeptide Y antibodies. FMRFamide-immunoreactive fibres of the plexus muscularis originate from the central nervous system, whereas axons containing the other studied molecules are derived from both peripheral and central structures. High pressure liquid chromatography assays have revealed serotonin, dopamine and histamine in the body wall. Contractions of the body wall musculature can be elicited with serotonin and FMRFamide. Serotonin-evoked contractions are suppressed by the application of GABA. Serotonin acts both directly on the muscle cell receptors and indirectly through initiating transmitter release from the nervous elements, whereas the FMRFamide-induced contractions seem to be mediated through the muscle cell receptors only. The pharmacological profiles of the serotonin and GABA receptors resemble those of the vertebrate 5-HT(3) and GABA(B) receptor types. Our findings indicate that both the sensory and efferent system of the annelid body wall operate by means of a variety of neuroactive compounds, suggesting a complex role of signalling systems in the regulation of this organ.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurochemical characterization of nervous elements innervating the body wall of earthworms (Lumbricus, Eisenia): immunohistochemical and pharmacological studies

et al. 2005

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“…They constitute only some of the cells in each sensillae. These large sensory buds comprise receptor cells containing FMRFamide (Reglodi et al 1997b) and dopamine (Spörhase-Eichmann et al 1998). Numerous neuroactive substances have been detected in sensory epidermal cells of earthworms: metenkephalin and leu-enkephalin (Rzasa et al 1984), pancreatic polypeptide (Curry et al 1989), proctolin , substance P (Reglodi et al 1997a), gastrin and cholecystokinin (Reglodi et al 1999) and peptide PACAP .…”

Section: Epidermal Cnpl-ir Sensory Cellsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Immunoreactivity to molluskan neuropeptides in the central and stomatogastric nervous systems of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris L.

Ierusalimsky

Balaban

2006

Cell Tissue Res

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Polyclonal antisera against two related command neuropeptides (CNP2 and CNP4) described in neurons of the terrestrial snail Helix were used in a study of the nervous system of the earthworm Lumbricus. The CNP-like peptides belong to the same neuropeptide subfamily and bear a C-terminal signature sequence Tyr-Pro-Arg-X. The distribution patterns of immunoreactive (IR) neurons were studied in the central nervous system (CNS), skin, and stomatogastric nervous system of the earthworm. IR neurons were found in all CNS ganglia, the patterns being similar for both antibodies used. Several clusters of IR cells were observed in the cerebral and subesophageal ganglia. In the ventral cord ganglia, the number of IR cells decreased in the rostro-caudal direction, and the IR cells sent their fibers mostly into the median fiber bundle. Segmental nerves contained no IR fibers. After injury of the worm body, the number of IR neurons in the CNS significantly increased. In the skin, IR sensory neurons were present in sensory buds. The stomatogastric ganglia only contained IR fibers. Numerous scattered IR neurons were found in the inner subepithelial layer of the esophagus and formed the enteric plexus in which the cell bodies displayed a segmentally repeated pattern. Possible involvement of CNP-like-IR neurons in central integratory processes, sensory processes, and the regulation of feeding is discussed.

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“…At present, the amino acid glutamate (Molna´r et al, unpublished), the neuropeptides (Gardner & Cashin, 1975;Gardner, 1981;Curry et al, 1989;Fuji et al, 1989;Al-Yousuf, 1992;Lubics et al, 1997;Regl} odi et al, 1997;Molna´r et al, 2001), the gaseous neurotransmitter nitric oxide (Zsombok et al, 1999;Kitamura et al, 2001;Molna´r et al, 2001;, the monoamines (Rude, 1966;Ehinger & Myhrberg, 1971;Bieger & Hornykiewicz, 1972;Gardner & Cashin, 1975;Gardner, 1981;Spo¨rhase-Eichmann et al, 1987a, b, 1998 and the inhibitory neurotransmitter camino butyric acid (GABA) (Telkes et al, 1996;Spo¨rhase-Eichmann et al, 1997;Molna´r et al, 2000Molna´r et al, , 2001 have been identified in earthworms. GABA, which is thought to be the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in both invertebrates and vertebrates (Sepherd, 1994), acts as neurotransmitter in earthworms, having been identified in a population of primary sensory cells (Spo¨rhase-Eichmann et al, 1997;Solt et al, 2001) and in some motoneurons (Telkes et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…GABA, which is thought to be the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in both invertebrates and vertebrates (Sepherd, 1994), acts as neurotransmitter in earthworms, having been identified in a population of primary sensory cells (Spo¨rhase-Eichmann et al, 1997;Solt et al, 2001) and in some motoneurons (Telkes et al, 1996). It is also present in certain polysegmental interneuronal tracts located at the dorsal neuropile of the VNC ganglia (Molna´r et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Distribution Pattern of γ-amino Butyric Acid Immunoreactive Neural Structures in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System of the Tubificid Worm, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri

et al. 2006

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By means of whole-mount immunohistochemistry, putative inhibitory (GABAergic) neural structures were identified in the central and peripheral nervous system of the tubificid worm, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri. In the supraoesophageal ganglion (brain) only few strongly labelled cells were observed. However, in its commissural part a high number of stained nerve fibres, arising mainly from the ventral nerve cord and prostomium, occurred. Except for the suboesophageal ganglion the arrangement of c-amino butyric acidimmunoreactive (GABA-IR) structures proved to be identical in each VNC ganglion. Behind the first segmental nerves three pairs of heavily stained neurones were located. Their processes (both ipsi-and contralateral) form four bundles of fine-fibred polysegmental interneuronal tracts that run close to the dorsal giant axons from the terminal ganglion to the suboesophageal one without interruption. A few small motoneurons and a pair of large ones with contralateral processes were also identified. A bipolar (presumably sensory) neuron was located at the root of each second segmental nerve. GABA-IR neurons were also found in the stomatogastric ganglia and pharyngeal wall; however, the latter structure had a welldeveloped fibre network, as well. Present results suggest that GABA acts as a common neurotransmitter in sensory, interneuronal and motor system of L. hoffmeisteri. The possible functional role of the identified GABA-IR neural structures in locomotion, escape and withdrawal reflexes in tubificid worms is discussed.

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Dopaminergic Sensory Cells in the Epidermis of the Earthworm

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Neurochemical characterization of nervous elements innervating the body wall of earthworms (Lumbricus, Eisenia): immunohistochemical and pharmacological studies

Neurochemical characterization of nervous elements innervating the body wall of earthworms (Lumbricus, Eisenia): immunohistochemical and pharmacological studies

Immunoreactivity to molluskan neuropeptides in the central and stomatogastric nervous systems of the earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris L.

Distribution Pattern of γ-amino Butyric Acid Immunoreactive Neural Structures in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System of the Tubificid Worm, Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri

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