In conclusion, recent years have witnessed acceptance of and development of diverse approaches to haploidentical transplantation. The original approach, transplantation of high numbers of T celledepleted hematopoietic progenitor cells and no post-transplantation immune suppression has, with over 15 years' follow-up, provided well-established outcomes in adults and children and continues to offer unique opportunities for innovative immunotherapeutic strategies. All the recent reports of unmanipulated haploidentical transplantation have fostered interest and debate in the field and, most importantly, served to substantially extend its use. The new 2-step approach, as adopted by Grosso et al. [1], provides very interesting results. It is to be hoped they will be confirmed in a longer follow-up and a larger cohort of patients.