Donor extracellular vesicle trafficking via the pleural space represents a novel pathway for allorecognition after lung transplantation

Habertheuer, Andreas; Chatterjee, S; Japp, Alberto Sada; Ram, Chirag; Korutla, Laxminarayana; Ochiya, Takahiro; Li, Wenjun; Terada, Yuriko; Takahashi, Tsuyoshi; Nava, Ruben G.; Kreisel, Daniel; Vallabhajosyula, Prashanth

doi:10.1111/ajt.17023

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Marino et al 99 have shown in skin and heart transplant models that host antigen-presenting cells present EVs bearing donor MHC I and II molecules and are responsible for T-cell activation via the semidirect pathway. Habertheuer et al 100 has shown that rat LTxRs accumulate donor-specific EVs in the pleural space, which can colocalize with antigen-presenting cells and lead to activation of T cells, demonstrating a new pathway of donor antigen trafficking after LTx.…”

Section: Evs and Rejection After Ltxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles in Transplantation: Friend or Foe

Bansal,

Rahman,

Ravichandran

et al. 2023

Transplantation

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The long-term function of transplanted organs, even under immunosuppression, is hindered by rejection, especially chronic rejection. Chronic rejection occurs more frequently after lung transplantation, termed chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD), than after transplantation of other solid organs. Pulmonary infection is a known risk factor for CLAD, as transplanted lungs are constantly exposed to the external environment; however, the mechanisms by which respiratory infections lead to CLAD are poorly understood. The role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in transplantation remains largely unknown. Current evidence suggests that EVs released from transplanted organs can serve as friend and foe. EVs carry not only major histocompatibility complex antigens but also tissue-restricted self-antigens and various transcription factors, costimulatory molecules, and microRNAs capable of regulating alloimmune responses. EVs play an important role in antigen presentation by direct, indirect, and semidirect pathways in which CD8 and CD4 cells can be activated. During viral infections, exosomes (small EVs <200 nm in diameter) can express viral antigens and regulate immune responses. Circulating exosomes may also be a viable biomarker for other diseases and rejection after organ transplantation. Bioengineering the surface of exosomes has been proposed as a tool for targeted delivery of drugs and personalized medicine. This review focuses on recent studies demonstrating the role of EVs with a focus on exosomes and their dual role (immune activation or tolerance induction) after organ transplantation, more specifically, lung transplantation.

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Section: Evs and Rejection After Ltxmentioning

confidence: 99%