Donor–Acceptor Alternating Copolymer Nanowires for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Lee, Jawon; Jo, Sae Byeok; Kim, Min; Kim, Heung Gyu; Shin, Jisoo; Kim, Haena; Cho, Kilwon

doi:10.1002/adma.201401203

Cited by 67 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The phenomenon was similar to some DTffBT based devices. 32,38 The EQEs increased gradually as the films were casted at 25 °C , 60 °C and 80 °C , and then showed significant downward trend with the temperature elevated from 100 °C to 160 °C . The unintelligible decrease of EQE together with FF at high temperature was unexpected because the broken self-aggregation of PTOBDTDTffBT may result in a more homogeneous mixture between donor and acceptor theoretically.…”

Section: Theoretical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 However, the non-chromophoric side chains can influence charge carrier transport, aggregation and BHJ morphology when blending the Please do not adjust margins the "tortuous" PBDTDTffBTs. 24,37,38,42 The structural absorption can be roughly observed even at 100 °C, though  0-0 became weaker than  0-1 beginning from 80 °C. In order to Journal of Materials Chemistry A…”

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confidence: 95%

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Steric minimization towards high planarity and molecular weight for aggregation and photovoltaic studies

Han

Bao

et al. 2015

J. Mater. Chem. A

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Taking into account the effect of planarity, alkyl chain steric hindrance and molecular weight towards high performance polymer solar cells, a "planar" semiconducting polymer PTOBDTDTffBT is designed. Minimal intra-and inter-molecular steric hindrances are realized by removing the alkyl chains at the 4,4′-positions of DTffBT monomer and introducing shorter octyloxy chains on the BDT unit, respectively. Such steric minimization strategy endows PTOBDTDTffBT with high number average molecular weight of 343.37 kg mo 1 , a planar conjugated backbone and strong inter-molecular aggregation characteristic as well. The optical properties indicate the aggregation can only be partially broken even at 160 °C, theoretical calculations indicate that the polymer backbone has small distortion and the thiophene-phenyl bridge can move the octyloxy chains 6.77 Å range outward the polymer backbone, both of which ensure the strong inter-chain aggregation. In spite of the high planarity and strong aggregation of the polymer, PTOBDTDTffBT is relatively amorphous in its film indicated by grazing incidence X−ray diffraction analysis. PTOBDTDTffBT exhibits a narrow bandgap of 1.71 eV together with a high ionization potential of 5.46 eV. Because of the strong aggregation of the polymer, PTOBDTDTffBT/PC71BM active layer exhibits temperature dependent photovoltaic performance. When the active layer is spin coated at a relative low temperature below 100 °C, PTOBDTDTffBT/PC71BM exhibits stable power conversion efficiency above 6.6%. However, when the temperature is elevated from 120 °C to 160 °C, the power conversion efficiency decreased gradually to 3.58% because of decreased short−circuit current density and fill factor. The temperature dependent photovoltaic is explained that the PC71BM is easily to be spun out from the solution at higher temperature confirmed by the UV−vis absorption and X−ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. High temperature can also lead to coarse morphology and large phase separation in the active layer observed from the atom force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images. Finally, maximum power conversion efficiency of 7.68% is obtained when the active layer is spin coated at 80 °C, which is a significant improvement of the power conversion efficiency for "planar" PBDTDTffBT series. 12-15When semiconducting polymers are designed towards high PCE, firstly, a planar conjugated backbone is desired, the planar conjugated backbone ensures a close − stacking distance, which is relevant for inter-molecular aggregation and charge carrier transport. [16][17][18] The planarity also warrants an effective conjugation along the polymer backbone which is beneficial for narrower E g . 19 Secondly, indispensably introducing soluble side chains ensure solubility. 20 However, the non-chromophoric side chains can influence charge carrier transport, aggregation and BHJ morphology when blending the Please do not adjust margins the "tortuous" PBDTDTffBTs. 24,37,38,42 The structural absorption can be roughly observed eve...

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Section: Theoretical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Steric minimization towards high planarity and molecular weight for aggregation and photovoltaic studies

Han

Bao

et al. 2015

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…M5 (0.2619 g, 0.2145 mmol), M6 (0.1323 g, 0.2145 mmol), toluene (10 mL), Pd 2 (dba) 3 (6.373 mg), P(o-toly) 3 (8.451 mg) and CuO (55.185 mg) were used, resulting in a yield of 87% reaction product. PDIDTS.…”

Section: Materials Design and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monomer M1 and monomer M3 were added to a double-neck round-bottom ask. Then, the catalyst Pd 2 (dba) 3 , P(o-toly) 3 , CuO and 15 mL toluene were added to the solution in the ask. Finally, the solution of monomers was heated for 110 C and 72 hours under N 2 protection.…”

Section: Materials Design and Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuning the performance of the non-fullerene organic solar cells by the polarizability

Qin

Dai

et al. 2018

RSC Adv.

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We report here the synthesis and characterizations of a novel series of acceptor copolymers with a broad absorption band. The acceptor polymers were synthesized as a copolymer of perylenediimide (PDI) and naphthalene imide (NDI) along with dithieno[3,2-b:pyrroles (DTP). When the dipole moment and polarizability of the acceptor polymer are compared, it is observed that when the dipole moment decreases, the polarizability becomes larger. The polarizability of polymers containing PDI is significantly greater than those containing NDI, and their polarizability change is in accordance with the change in the transient fluorescence lifetime. It was also found that the power conversion efficiency of the non-fullerene solar cell was strongly correlated to polarizability. The results demonstrate that the polarizability can be utilized to screen novel donor and acceptor polymers for the design and synthesis of high-performance solar cells.

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Interfacial Crystallization‐Driven Assembly of Conjugated Polymers/Quantum Dots into Coaxial Hybrid Nanowires: Elucidation of Conjugated Polymer Arrangements by Electron Tomography

Jin

Kim

Lim

et al. 2016

Adv Funct Materials

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A simple and practical “solution‐biphase method” allows the preparation of efficient charge‐transporting 1D nanocrystals with coaxial p–n junctions. It involves gradual diffusion of a top layer of poor solvent (acetonitrile) into a bottom layer of poly(3‐hexyl thiophene)‐b‐poly(2‐vinyl pyridine) (P3HT‐b‐P2VP) conjugated polymers (CPs) and CdSe quantum dots (QDs) dissolved in chloroform. Initial interfacial crystallization‐driven assembly of CPs results in the formation of seeds consisting of dimeric QDs transversely bridged by CPs. Coaxial CPs/QDs hybrid NWs are generated by 1D growth of QDs‐dimeric seeds, enabling tracing of the CPs‐crystallization process via the QDs. Thus, well‐arranged QDs along the longitudinal axis of the NWs infer highly crystalline CPs with edge‐on orientation, as confirmed by electron tomography, UV–vis spectroscopy, and grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. This high cristallinity as well as the increased length of the resulting hybrid NWs in solution and the corresponding crystallite size in as‐cast film represent a significant improvement compared to the conventional “one‐pot addition method”. Moreover, although randomly QDs‐attached hybrids of P3HT homopolymer are produced by the solution‐biphase method, branched aggregates with micrometer‐long NW arms are generated from the crystal seeds containing multiple growth facets without precipitate, despite acetonitrile being a nonsolvent.

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Donor–Acceptor Alternating Copolymer Nanowires for Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells

Cited by 67 publications

References 46 publications

Steric minimization towards high planarity and molecular weight for aggregation and photovoltaic studies

Steric minimization towards high planarity and molecular weight for aggregation and photovoltaic studies

Tuning the performance of the non-fullerene organic solar cells by the polarizability

Interfacial Crystallization‐Driven Assembly of Conjugated Polymers/Quantum Dots into Coaxial Hybrid Nanowires: Elucidation of Conjugated Polymer Arrangements by Electron Tomography

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