Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover, Revisited

Segal-Caspi, Lihi; Roccas, Sonia; Sagiv, Lilach

doi:10.1177/0956797612446349

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As guiding principles, values drive behaviors that allow the attainment of important goals and prevent people from taking actions that undermine their attainment (e.g., Roccas & Sagiv, 2010;Segal-Caspi, Roccas, & Sagiv, 2012). In a systematic study of value-behavior relationships, Bardi and Schwartz (2003) demonstrated that value-expressive behaviors form a circular structure that resembles the structure of personal values.…”

Section: Values and Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

When guiding principles do not guide: The moderating effects of cultural tightness on value‐behavior links

Elster

Gelfand

2020

Journal of Personality

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Objective Ample research documented the effects of guiding principles in people's lives, as reflected in personal values, on a variety of behaviors. But do these principles universally guide behaviors across all cultural contexts? To address this question, we investigated the effect of cross‐cultural differences in the strength of social norms (i.e., tightness‐looseness) on value‐behavior relationships. Method Using the archival data from the World Value Survey for 24 nations (N = 38,924; 51.40% female; Mage = 44.98, SD = 16.87), a multi‐level analysis revealed that cultural tightness moderated the effects of individual differences in personal values on behaviors from different life‐domains. Results As hypothesized, the relationships between self‐transcendence values with civic involvement and pro‐environmental behaviors, and between conservation values with religious behavior were significantly stronger in loose cultures that have weak norms and were almost nonexistent in tight cultures that have strong norms, even when controlling for individualism‐collectivism or GDP. Conclusions Thus, despite the common belief that people behave in line with their guiding principles, our findings suggest this might not be the case in cultural contexts that put a strong emphasis on norms.

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Section: Values and Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

When guiding principles do not guide: The moderating effects of cultural tightness on value‐behavior links

Elster

Gelfand

2020

Journal of Personality

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“…A substantial amount of research exists on the halo effect, and it is evident that the halo effect affects people's judgments in a variety of ways. Studies have shown that, because of the halo effect, people are often unfairly attributed with qualities that they may not actually possess (Eagly, Ashmore, Makhijani, & Longo, 1991;Feingold, 1992;Segal-Caspi, Roccas, & Sagiv, 2012). The study conducted by Bak and Köln (2010) provided the impetus for the present study.…”

Section: Psi Chi Journal Of Psychological Researchmentioning

confidence: 90%

Trail and Ultrarunning: The Impact of Distance, Nature, and Personality on Flow and Well-Being

Martinez¹,

Scott²

2016

PsiChiJournal

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of encouraging, stim u lat ing, and maintaining ex cel lence in schol ar ship, and advancing the sci ence of psy chol ogy. Mem ber ship is open to gradu ate and under gradu ate students mak ing the study of psy chol ogy one of their major interests and who meet Psi Chi's min i mum qual i fi ca tions. Psi Chi is a member of the As so cia tion of Col lege Honor So ci et ies (ACHS), and is an affiliate of the Ameri can Psy cho logi cal As so cia tion (APA) and the Association for Psy cho log i cal Science (APS). Psi Chi's sister honor society is Psi Beta, the na tion al honor society in psychology for com mu nity and junior colleges.

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Section: Psi Chi Journal Of Psychological Researchmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of Positive, Negative, and No Personality Descriptors on the Attractiveness Halo Effect

et al. 2016

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or over two million years, humans have strived to live harmoniously with nature. Early ancestors found that being outdoors often requires high physical endurance and labor such as chasing after prey, traveling across mountain ranges, and cultivating farms (Bramble & Lieberman, 2004). Heinrich (2001) described the evolutionary pressure to travel farther and faster in his book, Why We Run: "For millions of years, our ultimate form of locomotion was running" (p. 9). However, modern advances in technology and urban living provide people with resources such as bicycles and motor vehicles, so they no longer have to depend on their physical skills for survival. Over the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in a sedentary lifestyle and a decrease in overall physical activity (Ernersson, Lindström, Nyström, & Frisman, 2010). Instead of hunting or cultivating land for food, people drive to grocery stores and consume high-caloric meals at restaurants. Although modern living is beneficial and desirable for many, it may diminish the opportunity for an active and healthy lifestyle. Physical and Psychological Well-Being Exercise and an active lifestyle contribute to physical and emotional health and well-being (World Health Organization, 2005). Nevertheless, many people fail to incorporate exercise into their daily routines: National statistics have indicated that ABSTRACT. Ultramarathons, races extending beyond the traditional 26.2 mile marathon, have become increasingly popular over the past decade. Ultrarunners run longer distances and spend extended periods of time in nature compared to short-distance runners. The present study examined the role of distance and nature on runners' flow (i.e., complete absorption in the present moment) and well-being. One hundred eighty-nine runners (132 women, 57 men, M age = 35.93 years, SD = 9.66) completed an online survey assessing running distance, running environment, flow (Jackson & Marsh, 1996), personality (TIPI; Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swann, 2003), and well-being (Côté, Gyurak, & Levenson, 2010). Independent t tests revealed that ultrarunners spent more time in nature (p = .001), were more neurotic (p = .04), and experienced greater flow (p = .001) than short-distance runners, but did not differ in well-being. Multiple regression analyses indicated that being an ultrarunner, running in nature, conscientiousness, and openness significantly predicted flow, F(7, 163) = 8.48, p = .001, R 2 = .27. Running environment and personality (i.e., extraversion, conscientiousness, and openness) predicted greater well-being. However, contrary to expectations, running in a nonnatural environment was related to greater well-being, but being an ultrarunner and flow were not, F(8, 161) = 4.57, p = .001, R 2 = .19. Findings suggested that, although distance and nature contribute to flow, running in general may have a more profound impact on well-being than immersing oneself in nature.

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Don’t Judge a Book by Its Cover, Revisited

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

When guiding principles do not guide: The moderating effects of cultural tightness on value‐behavior links

When guiding principles do not guide: The moderating effects of cultural tightness on value‐behavior links

Trail and Ultrarunning: The Impact of Distance, Nature, and Personality on Flow and Well-Being

Impact of Positive, Negative, and No Personality Descriptors on the Attractiveness Halo Effect

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