Don't Bi-Negative: Reduction of Negative Attitudes Toward Bisexuals by Blurring the Gender Dichotomy

Rubinstein, Tanya; Makov, Shiri; Sarel, Ayelet

doi:10.1080/15299716.2013.813419

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…Finally, in order to explore the involvement of general knowledge structures regarding sexuality in evaluation, future research should explore the possibility of a connection between compliance to sexual norms, and common beliefs regarding sexuality and the evaluation of bisexual men. Some support for this account was found in a recent study (Rubinstein, Makov, & Sarel, 2013) where priming participants with traditional gender roles (in comparison to blurred gender roles) increased negative attitudes towards bisexuals in participants that did not know bisexual individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Attentional engagement is not sufficient to prevent spatial capture

Zivony

Lamy

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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What conditions, if any, can fully prevent attentional capture (i.e., involuntary allocation of spatial attention to an irrelevant object) has been a matter of debate. In a previous study, Folk, Ester, and Troemel (Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 16:127-132, 2009) suggested that attentional capture can be blocked entirely when attention is already engaged in a different object. This conclusion relied on the finding that in a search for a known-color target in a rapid serial visual presentation stream, a peripheral distractor with the target color did not further impair target identification performance when a distractor also with the target color that appeared in the stream had already captured attention. In the present study, we argue that this conclusion is unwarranted, because the effects of the central and peripheral distractors could not be disentangled. In order to isolate the effect of the peripheral distractor, we introduced a distractor-target letter compatibility manipulation. Our results showed that the peripheral distractor summoned attention, irrespective of whether attention had just been engaged. We conclude that neither spatially focused attention nor attentional engagement is sufficient to prevent attentional capture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Attentional engagement is not sufficient to prevent spatial capture

Zivony

Lamy

2013

Atten Percept Psychophys

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“…Existing stereotypes automatically come to mind in any encounter with members of a social group, but individuals can use cognitive control in order to avoid using them. However, cognitive control is effortful and only implemented when the adoption of these associations conflicts with the individuals' motivations, such as complying with egalitarian values (Devine & Sharp, 2009;Kunda & Spencer, 2003 (Rubinstein, Makov & Sarel, 2013).…”

Section: The Stereotype Deduction Accountmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stereotype Deduction About Bisexual Women

Zivony

Saguy

2018

The Journal of Sex Research

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Bisexuals are an invisible sexual minority. However, at the same time, bisexuals are stereotypically associated with confusion and promiscuity. Stereotype learning theories suggest that individuals who are unfamiliar with a social group are less likely to have stereotypical beliefs about its members. In contrast, it has been recently hypothesized that stereotypes about bisexuality are not necessarily learned but rather deduced based on common conceptualizations of sexuality. Because stereotypes are suppressed only if they are recognized as offensive, lack of knowledge regarding bisexual stereotypes should actually enhance their adoption. To assess the strength of the two competing accounts, we examined the relationship between explicit knowledge of bisexual stereotypes and stereotypical evaluation of bisexual individuals. Heterosexual participants (N = 261) read a description of two characters on a date and evaluated one of them. Bisexual women were evaluated as more confused and promiscuous relative to nonbisexual women. Moreover, the stereotypical evaluations of bisexual women were inversely related to knowledge about these stereotypes. The findings support the notion that bisexual stereotypes are not learned but rather deduced from shared assumptions about sexuality. Consequently, public invisibility not only exists alongside bisexual stereotypes but might also exacerbate their uninhibited adoption.

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“…Gay/lesbian individuals typically do not experience the same levels of oppression as do “minority-minority” individuals. For example, bisexual individuals experience bi-negative stereotypes (Rubinstein et al, 2013), and queer and pansexual individuals are more likely to be associated with GNC identities (Morandini et al, 2017), and by extension, the target of gender discriminations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and Gender Minority Victimization: Base Rates of Assault in College Students Across Sexual and Gender Identities

Borgogna

Lathan

Aita

2022

J Interpers Violence

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Past findings have indicated that sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience disproportionate rates of emotional, physical, and sexual assault compared to their heterosexual/cisgender counterparts. While these findings are robust, many studies report homogenous groupings of SGM participants. This practice likely masks important between-group differences. We sought to address this issue by examining reported base rates of emotional, physical, and sexual assault within 12 months of data collection, split across specific sexual (heterosexual, gay/lesbian, bisexual, questioning, queer, pansexual, asexual, and demisexual) and gender (cisgender men, cisgender women, gender nonconforming female assigned at birth [FAB], and gender nonconforming male assigned at birth) identity groups. Our data came from 2020 to 2021 Healthy Minds Study, a large survey of college students living in the United States ( N = 119,181). Results indicated most forms of assault were higher in SGM groups compared to heterosexual and cisgender individuals, both on univariate and multivariate (e.g., one or more type of assault) levels. Demisexual individuals reported the highest base rates for emotional assault (45.7%), whereas pansexual individuals reported highest rates of physical assault (12.5%) and sexual assault (17.3%). Demisexual individuals reported the highest multivariate base rate of experiencing at least one form of assault (49.5%), and pansexual individuals reported the highest multivariate base rate of experiencing all three forms of assault (4.7%) within the past 12 months. Gender nonconforming FAB individuals reported the highest univariate and multivariate base rates across assault types compared to all other gender identity groups. With few exceptions, compared to heterosexual and cisgender men (referents), all other sexual and gender identity groups reported significantly higher adjusted odds of experiencing each assault type. These data suggest SGM individuals experience disproportionate levels of assault.

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Don't Bi-Negative: Reduction of Negative Attitudes Toward Bisexuals by Blurring the Gender Dichotomy

Cited by 19 publications

References 32 publications

Attentional engagement is not sufficient to prevent spatial capture

Attentional engagement is not sufficient to prevent spatial capture

Stereotype Deduction About Bisexual Women

Sexual and Gender Minority Victimization: Base Rates of Assault in College Students Across Sexual and Gender Identities

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