Dominant Infiltration of TH 1-type CD4<sup>+</sup>T Cells at the Retrobulbar Space of Patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Yang, Damu; Hiromatsu, Yuji; Hoshino, Tomoaki; Inoue, Yoshio; Itoh, Kyogo; Nonaka, Kyohei

doi:10.1089/thy.1999.9.305

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…We have demonstrated that the percentage of CD8 -/IFN-Á + T cells and the ratio of CD8 -/IFN-Á + T (Th1) cells to CD8 -/IL-4 + T (Th2) cells were markedly higher in early GO patients than in GD patients and the healthy individuals, indicating that the balance of Th1/Th2 shifts to Th1 dominance in early GO (1,2). CD4 + /IFN-Á + T cells secrete IFN-Á which represents Th1-type cytokines, while CD4 + /IL-4 + T cells secrete IL-4 representing Th2-type cytokines (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is believed that factors such as genes, autoimmunity, alteration of orbital fibroblast activity, environmental factors and smoking are intimately correlated to the pathogenesis of GO. The CD3 + CD4 + CD8 -T lymphocytes are predominant in the T cells derived from orbital tissues and peripheral blood of patients with GO (1,2). Previous investigations reported that T cell-mediated immune reactions by Th1 cells might predominate in the orbit in early GO, whereas humoral immunity and Th2 cells may play a greater role in the later stages of the disease (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

Xia

Zhou²,

Liang³

et al. 2006

Int J Mol Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is considered to be an organ-specific autoimmune disease. However, the pathogenesis of GO is incompletely understood at the present time.To clarify the immunological differences between newly diagnosed GO and Graves' disease (GD) without ophthalmopathy or healthy controls (HC), we examined T-cell profile and the Th1/Th2 profile cell balance in GO (n=20), GD (n=20) and HC (n=20) using flow cytometry. We also assessed the influence of methimazole on the immunocyte profiles in patients with GO and GD and analyzed the relationship of the immunologic changes with CAS, FT3, FT4, TRAb, TMA and TGA among the three investigated groups. We report in this study that: 1) The percentage of CD4 + T cells and the ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + cells were higher, but the population of CD8 + T cells was lower in both GO and GD than those of HC (P<0.05); 2) The percentage of CD8 -/IFNÁ + T cells (Th1) and the ratio of CD8 -/IFNÁ + to CD8 -/IL-4 + T cells (Th1/Th2) in GO were considerably higher as compared to those in GD and HC (P<0.05). On the contrary, the population of Th1 cells, as well as the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells, was lower in GD than that of GO and HC (P<0.05); 3) There were no significant differences in T-cell profile and the Th1/Th2 cell balance in either GO or GD patients before and after methimazole treatment; 4) There was a positive correlation of Th1 cell percentage and the Th1/Th2 cell ratio with the clinical activity score (CAS) in GO (P<0.05), whereas CAS in GO had no correlation with the T-cell profile, the percentage of Th2 cells, and TRAb (P>0.05); 5) T-cell subset and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cells did not correlate significantly with FT3, FT4, TRAb, TMA, or TGA in GO and GD (P>0.05). Finally, 6) there were no statistical differences in TRAb, TMA, and TGA between early GO and GD without ophthalmopathy (P>0.05). Collectively, these results indicate that the balance of Th1/Th2 in GO shifts to Th1 dominance and that the cellular immune responses mediated by the Th1-type CD4 + cells might play a dominant role in the pathogenesis of GO, and thus suggest that the Th1 cell percentage and the ratio of Th1/Th2 cell subsets may be potentially utilized as clinical parameters for disease activity, for monitoring the effectiveness of immunosuppressive treatment, or for developing immunospecific forms of therapy for Graves' ophthalmopathy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

Xia

Zhou²,

Liang³

et al. 2006

Int J Mol Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Th1-like cytokine profile predominates in TO retrobulbar tissue 45 48. Th1-like cytokine expression profile consisting of interferon (IFN)-γ, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β and IL-6 has been detected mainly in TO extraocular muscles, whereas IL-4 and IL-10, Th2-type cytokines were detected predominantly in orbital fat 38.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease: review and update on molecular mechanisms

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…All these studies analyzed either the established T-cell lines or TCC derived from the established T-cell lines. In contrast, phenotypic analysis of TCC directly from freshly isolated single cell suspension of minced retrobulbar bat tissues of patients with severe TAO showed approximately 70% to 80% were CD3 1 CD4 1 CD8 2 T cells and approximately 20% to 30% were CD3 1 CD8 1 CD4 2 T cells (23). None of TCC were CD3 1 CD4 2 CD8 2 T cells.…”

Section: Analysis Of T-cell Lines and T-cell Clonesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Hiromatsu

Kaku

Miyake

et al. 2002

Thyroid

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is generally considered to be an autoimmune disorder associated with Graves' disease. However, the nature of autoantigen or mechanism of the development of ophthalmopathy remains unclear. In the present review we focus the accumulating evidence on roles of cytokines in the orbital tissues from patients with TAO and animal models. From the analysis of T-cell clones, T helper 1 (T(H)1)-like clones were predominant in cultures from patients with recent onset hyperthyroidism and T(H)2-like clones were predominant in culture form patients with more remote onset hyperthyroidism. T(H)1-like cytokine profiles are predominant in eye muscle tissue and related to the eye muscle enlargement, while T(H)2-like cytokine profiles are predominant in orbital fat tissue from patients with TAO and negatively related to orbital volume. Therefore, T(H)1-like cytokines, proinflammatory cytokines, may play a role on the development of eye muscle component of TAO in the acute stage. T(H)2-like cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, may play protective role in the chronic stage of TAO. The studies using animal models suggest the genetic background is involved in the pathogenesis of TAO. The studies on polymorphism of the cytokine genes support the proinflammatory role of T(H)1-like cytokines and protective role of T(H)2-like cytokines.

show abstract

Dominant Infiltration of TH 1-type CD4⁺T Cells at the Retrobulbar Space of Patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

Pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease: review and update on molecular mechanisms

Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dominant Infiltration of TH 1-type CD4+T Cells at the Retrobulbar Space of Patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

CD4+ T cells and the Th1/Th2 imbalance are implicated in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy

Pathogenesis of thyroid eye disease: review and update on molecular mechanisms

Role of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Dominant Infiltration of TH 1-type CD4⁺T Cells at the Retrobulbar Space of Patients with Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy