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Kaufmann, E. (2006)The dominant ethnic moment: towards the abolition of 'whiteness'? -Ethnicities 6(2), pp.231-253The Dominant Ethnic Moment: Towards the Abolition of 'Whiteness'?In the past decade and a half, the study of the American white majority has blossomed into a major academic endeavour. So-called 'White Studies' provided an important service in opening up a 'hidden' field of study that remained neglected as recently as the early 1990s. However, in this article, I suggest that while the study of whites and white racial systems is important, the White Studies approach possesses little heuristic value for scholars attempting to explain majority responses to multicultural politics. 'Whiteness' is a colloquial term used by local actors to describe the lived reality of dominant ethnicity as it appears from the 'inside' of American society. Scholars should be more critical, comparative and discerning than their subjects: 'white' is the particular racial boundary marker which distinguishes dominant ethnic groups from subaltern ones in a small proportion of the world's nations. Whiteness informs, but does not constitute, dominant ethnicity and we should not mistake the content of group boundary markers for the essentials. Particular cultural markers are neither necessary nor sufficient conditions for ethnicity.The paper goes further, claiming that White Studies suffers from a number of serious flaws which should lead us to question whether this approach can continue to advance the frontiers of knowledge in the wider sphere of ethnic and racial studies. These flaws include: 1) a constructivism which fails to recognise the cognitive and social processes that underpin social 'reality'; 2) an excessive emphasis on ethnic boundaries as opposed to ethnic narratives, thereby overstating the degree of malleability possible in ethnic identity; 3) a tacit belief in white exceptionalism, which overemphasises the ideological character of whiteness and deifies whites; 4) an elision of dominant ethnicity and race; and 5) a threefold parochialism in terms of place, time horizon and the role of race in ethnic studies. The first four flaws lead to problematic interpretations of the American context, while the final omission greatly hinders the usefulness of the whiteness paradigm outside the United States. This paper therefore begins by examining the American case and then moves to consider the international arena.An alternative to White Studies which avoids its pitfalls and helps us to better comprehend the rising socio-political forces of our time is the emerging study of dominant ethnicity. Grounded in a less reductionist, more international and more nuanced analytical context, I believe the dominant ethnicity approach provides the best way forward for understanding majority-group and dominant minority movements. Dominant ethnicity cannot encompass everything, and needs to be complemented by a racial studies perspective which can address problems that lie beyond the scope of ethnic studies.Howe...