Domestic Water Adequacy of Surakarta, Indonesia: Is it Prone to Vulnerability?

Rahayu, Paramita; Rini, Erma Fitria; Soedwiwahjono,

doi:10.1177/0975425318821807

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Studies in urban areas of Bandung and Surakarta show that water consumption in households connected to water companies was higher than those using other water sources (Suryani et al 2019;Rahayu et al 2019). In Bandung City, water consumption of households with water connection (190 ± 251 l/c/d) was essentially similar to households with individual wells (175 ± 204 l/c/d), but higher than those with communal well (66 ± 46 l/c/d) (Suryani et al 2019).…”

Section: Domestic Water Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Domestic wastewater in Indonesia: generation, characteristics and treatment

WIDYARANI¹,

Wulan²,

Hamidah³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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With a 270 million Indonesian population, domestic wastewater is one of the major contributors to wastewater generated from human activities. This review aimed to give an overview of the current state of domestic wastewater generation, characteristics and treatment systems in Indonesia. Overall, grey water quantity in Indonesia was 1 to 4 times higher than black water quantity, while the quantity of untreated grey water was 3 to 6 times higher than untreated black water. Parameters of concern include suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, oil and grease, nitrogen and coliforms. Our analysis shows that grey water can be a significant source of water pollution due to the large quantity and lack of treatment. In addition, black water treatment that relies mainly on on-site treatment is often inadequate due to the lack of quality control for the infrastructure, operation and maintenance. An incentive or penalty scheme to build and ensure the quality of domestic wastewater treatment is required and can be applied at the household, community or central (city) level.

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Section: Domestic Water Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Domestic wastewater in Indonesia: generation, characteristics and treatment

WIDYARANI¹,

Wulan²,

Hamidah³

et al. 2022

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…The agencies involved in monitoring the water quality in the Brantas Watershed are the East Java Province Public Works Office, Bapedal, Ditjen PPKL, and Perum Jasa Tirta I. According to the observation conducted in the upstream Brantas for the four water quality parameters, i.e., pH, DO, COD, and TDS [54,55], there was a decreasing trend in COD from 2017 to 2019; conversely, the TDS increased. This condition indicates a rise in dissolved solids in the upstream Brantas waters, which may interfere with water use in the Brantas since, at some levels, it will be hazardous to use owing to continuous exposure to chemicals.…”

Section: Pollution Of Brantas River East Java Provincementioning

confidence: 99%

Water Pollution of Some Major Rivers in Indonesia: The Status, Institution, Regulation, and Recommendation for Its Mitigation

Basuki,

Indrawati,

Nugroho

et al. 2024

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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River water pollution is a significant environmental problem in Indonesia. On the other hand, river water is an important source of drinking water. Therefore, clean and safe water has become a priority program of the Government and is parallel with the international agreement known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Rapid population growth and industrialization cause inadequate access to safe water; only 73% of Indonesian people can access safe water. This review paper aims to present a comprehensive discussion concerning water pollution in four big rivers, i.e., Siak, Citarum, Bengawan Solo, and Brantas Rivers, that have experienced pollution and provide alternative solutions to mitigate the pollution. Data were collected from related institutions, governments' regulations, the authors' experiences, and literature studies. Developing a riparian zone with multiple ecological services and introducing Internet of Things (IoT) devices that monitor and provide real-time water quality information is essential for mitigating river water pollution. Law enforcement is an alternative method to reduce point-source pollutants from industries. Non-point source pollutants from domestic and agricultural wastes may be reduced through spreading awareness and implementing personal and environmental hygiene, involving the community in designing, as well as monitoring and evaluating water quality. Those approaches should be accompanied by proper institutions, regulations, and policies.

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“…Flooding and Inundation Zones of Surakarta Surakarta's problem of water scarcity is about providing adequate raw water sources from surface water because the city's groundwater level has decreased significantly in several areas over the last several years [15,16]. To address this issue, Surakarta's Local Water Utility (PDAM) has the policy to depend mostly on surface water for their urban clean water [15]. Using surface water is a challenge because the rivers are highly polluted.…”

Section: Figure 1 Surakarta City and Its Major Riversmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, Surakarta's main source of raw water is spring water from Cokrotulung in Klaten District which provides nearly 40 per cent of PDAM's total raw water. Other water sources are PDAM's groundwater wells and the Bengawan Solo River [15] (see Table 2). In addition to the problem of raw water availability, Surakarta also has problems in distributing piped water.…”

Section: Figure 1 Surakarta City and Its Major Riversmentioning

confidence: 99%

Governing the urban water challenges of surakarta

Rahayu

Rini

Wardhani

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Urban water is one of the most important natural resources to support urban growth. However, conflicting interests from different sectoral needs interfere with its management as the demand for water increases as a result of rapid urbanization. This paper compares the theory and practice of urban water governance, particularly the extent to which the concept of urban water governance can be implemented in Surakarta, Indonesia. The paper also provides lessons for practitioners. This study applies a qualitative single case study method using in-depth interviews with eight key players from eight institutions related to urban water governance. The respondents represent the local Planning Agency, Public Works Agency, Local Water Utility, Environmental Agency, Disaster Mitigation Agency, Housing Agency, the Regional Water Cooperation Body, and the Provincial Water Resources Management Agency. Surakarta is a rapidly growing medium-sized city that faces the challenge of urban clean water provision. The results indicate that although to a certain extent a gap between theory and practice exists, all the interviewed stakeholders have realized and have started initiating collaborations in urban water management. The most important point forward is to establish an effective regular platform for more solid collaboration to attain integrated urban water governance for Surakarta.

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Domestic Water Adequacy of Surakarta, Indonesia: Is it Prone to Vulnerability?

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Domestic wastewater in Indonesia: generation, characteristics and treatment

Domestic wastewater in Indonesia: generation, characteristics and treatment

Water Pollution of Some Major Rivers in Indonesia: The Status, Institution, Regulation, and Recommendation for Its Mitigation

Governing the urban water challenges of surakarta

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