Domestic wastewater treatment by a submerged membrane bioreactor with gravitational filtration

Ueda, Tatsuki; Hata, Kenji

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(98)00518-1

Cited by 95 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, a clean-up/separation step is often recommended before the analytical determination of trace elements in effluent or industrial waste waters to avoid the interfering effect from the matrix ions or to facilitate preconcentration due to their low concentrations in samples. The techniques commonly used for separation of elements from the matrix components are co-precipitation [4,5], solvent extraction or liquid-liquid extraction [6], cloud point extraction [7][8][9][10], membrane filtration 3 Microchemical Journal, 110: 485-493, 2013 The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2013.06.006 [11][12][13][14], and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [15]. Most of the conventional separation approaches undergo slow kinetics and, also, lose effectiveness when the concentration of the species to be separated is low, or when several other chemically-similar elements to the target species co-exist in the matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microchemical Journal, 110: 485-493, 2013 The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2013.06.006 [11][12][13][14], and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [15]. Most of the conventional separation approaches undergo slow kinetics and, also, lose effectiveness when the concentration of the species to be separated is low, or when several other chemically-similar elements to the target species co-exist in the matrix.…”

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Selective separation of elements from complex solution matrix with molecular recognition plus macrocycles attached to a solid-phase: A review

Rahman

Begum

Hasegawa

2013

Microchemical Journal

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Microchemical Journal, 110: 485-493, 2013 The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.microc.2013.06.006 Abstract Solid-phase extraction (SPE) approach was introduced approximately five decades ago, and until then development of SPE materials is seamlessly continued. Lately, the SPE-based research is increasingly focused in developing more explicit materials to achieve meticulous separation of elements from complex solution matrices with high concentrations of interfering ions. One group of SPE materials includes those with macrocyclic ligands immobilized on a solid-phase, which are capable of selective separation and preconcentration of elements, and such selectivity in metal retention is generally termed as molecular recognition. In the process, the designed 'host' material possesses a high degree of recognition to specific elements or groups of elements called 'guest', and the recognition capability remains effective at the very low concentrations of the 'guest' species or when those present in complex matrices. The routes to the development of element-selective SPEs, the operating principles, applications and limitations are discussed in this review. KeywordsSeparation; element-selectivity; Macrocycles; Solid-phase extraction; Molecular recognition 2 Microchemical Journal, 110: 485-493, 2013 The original publication is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2013.06.006 IntroductionAlthough metals and metalloids are ubiquitous in nature, the environmental concentrations of both toxic and essential elements have been largely increased mostly pursuant to anthropogenic activities related to the industrial development and improved living standards in modern societies. The growing extent of metal pollution also initiated a number of legislative measures, such as, RoHS or ELV directive has been imposed to specify the limit of trace elements in the industrial products, while the EU directive defined the acceptable concentrations of different elements in cultivable soils.Sensitive analytical techniques such as, flame atomic absorption spectrometry, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and so forth are available for precise analysis of trace elements in solution. An overall analytical process comprises a number of succeeding steps, including sampling, sample preparation, separation and quantification. Among the aforementioned steps, sample preparation is by far the most important error source in modern analytical method development due to the low species concentration or heterogeneous distribution of the analytes in the matrix as well as the complex nature of the sample matrices. Therefore, a clean-up/separation step is often recommended before the analytical determination of trace elements in effluent or industrial waste waters to avoid the interfering effect from the matrix ions or to facilitate preconcentration due to their low concentrations in samples. The t...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Selective separation of elements from complex solution matrix with molecular recognition plus macrocycles attached to a solid-phase: A review

Rahman

Begum

Hasegawa

2013

Microchemical Journal

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“…Because it combines the advantage of conventional active sludge (CAS) and the predominance of membrane separation [2,3], this technology is especially fit for the high concentration or hardly degradable wastewater. As an aerobic biological treatment method, MBR can achieve good quality of effluent with low concentrations of TSS (total suspended solid), COD, ammonia and small quantity of microbes [4], but with poor removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of the combined SMBR–IVCW system for wastewater treatment

Xiao

Liang

et al. 2010

Desalination

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“…In this case membrane performance can be evaluated by measuring the increase or decrease in the transmembrane pressure (TMP) under a constant flux rate. It is also possible, however, to operate a MBR by gravity permeation, as has been demonstrated in aerobic systems [8,9,10,11]. This relies on a head differential between the inlet and the outlet to the next downstream process.…”

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“…Using this method it is possible to generate a pressure similar to that applied in pumped systems [12]. Operation of an AnMBR by gravity could reduce the parasitic energy requirement for reactor operation [9,10], although the pumping component may be small compared to the energy required for membrane cleaning e.g. by bubble scouring.…”

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Development and testing of a fully gravitational submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment

Pacheco-Ruiz

Heaven

Banks

2015

Environmental Technology

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A gravity-operated submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor (SAnMBR) was set up in order to test its principle of operation as an alternative to conventional pumped permeation of the membrane. This operating mode allowed the membrane flux rate to be measured accurately whilst maintaining a constant transmembrane pressure (TMP), and allowed small transient variations in flux rate to be observed. The reactor was operated at 36 0 C for a period of 115 days using a nutrient-balanced synthetic substrate with a high suspended solids concentration. Membrane cleaning was in-situ by a gas scouring system using recirculation of headspace biogas. With an initial TMP of 7.0 kPa the membrane flux slowly decreased due to membrane fouling and had not reached a constant value by day 71. The results indicated that the system was still acclimatising up to 50 days after start-up; but from that point onwards performance parameters became much more stable. A constant flux of 2.2 L m by increasing the influent strength. Under these conditions the average COD removal efficiency was 96% and the specific methane potential (SMP) was 0.31 L CH4 g -1 COD removed.

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Domestic wastewater treatment by a submerged membrane bioreactor with gravitational filtration

Cited by 95 publications

References 1 publication

Selective separation of elements from complex solution matrix with molecular recognition plus macrocycles attached to a solid-phase: A review

Selective separation of elements from complex solution matrix with molecular recognition plus macrocycles attached to a solid-phase: A review

Performance of the combined SMBR–IVCW system for wastewater treatment

Development and testing of a fully gravitational submerged anaerobic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment

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