Domestic Violence in Pregnant Women: A Study Conducted in the Postpartum Period of Adolescents and Adults

Abstract

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of domestic violence in adolescent and adult mothers who were admitted to obstetrics services centers in Brazil and to identify risk factors of domestic violence and any adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Researchers used standardized interviews, the questionnaire Abuse Assessment Screen, and a review of patients' medical records. Descriptive statistical analyses were also used. The prevalence of domestic violence among all participants totaled 40.1% (38.5% of adolescents, 41.7% of adults). Factors associated with domestic violence during pregnancy were as follows: a history of family violence, a greater number of sexual partners, and being a smoker. No statistically significant association was found for adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes. Results showed that, in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, pregnancy did not protect a woman from suffering domestic violence.

Social Worker and Midwife Decision Making Regarding Child Protection Risk and the Unborn Baby: A Qualitative Study

“…Classified as a severe public health issue jeopardising the life of a pregnant woman and unborn baby (Finnbogadóttir and Dykes, 2016), domestic violence in pregnancy can result in violence being directed at both the pregnant woman and her unborn baby (Lima et al, 2019). Pregnancy can act as both a protective factor and risk factor for the occurrence of domestic violence (O'Reilly and Peters, 2018); however, anticipatory fear of threats of violence causes prolonged undue stress on pregnant women and unborn babies (Chisholm et al, 2017).…”

Violence and adversity among pregnant women and new mothers in central Vietnam

“…Among LMICs, experience of any form of p-IPV is very high in Bangladesh (66.4%) (Islam et al, 2017b), Brazil (41.7%) (Lima et al, 2016), Kenya (37%), and India (38%) (Tiwari et al, 2018), where many women have a lower social position in societies.…”

“…Japan (Suzuki & Eto, 2017) ---1.3% Turkey (James et al, 2013) 4.6% 15.5% 4.6% -Turkey (Bagcioglu et al, 2014) ---10.3% Brazil (Lima et al, 2016 (James et al, 2013) 13.4% 6.7% 32.4% -India (Rosenfeld et al, 2018) -11% --India (Tiwari et al, 2018) --16% 38% Eastern India (Babu & Kar, 2012) 7.1% 10.4% 30.6% -India (Sarkar, 2013) 26.9% 6.2% 29% -Bangladesh (Ferdos et al, 2018) 39% 26.3% --Bangladesh (Islam et al, 2017b) 35.2% 18.5% 65% 66.4% Saharan Africa (Mahenge et al, 2018) ---18.8% (P+S) Nepal (Rishal et al, 2017) 3.6% -12.5% 21% Ethiopia (Gashaw et al, 2018) 35.6% ---Ethiopia (Musa et al, 2020) 25.93% 25.62% 3.7% 39.81% Egypt (Ibrahim et al, 2015) 44.1% Kenya (Makayoto et al, 2013) 10% 12% 29% 37% Sri Lanka (Muzrif et al, 2018) ---15.9% Iran (Bazyar et al, 2018) -28% --Iran (Tavoli et al, 2016) ---64.8% (P/E) Iran (Bazyar et al, 2018;Nejatizade et al, 2017) 6.5% 14.8% 9.9% 28%…”

“…Another risk factor for p-IPV is excessive drinking and recreational drug use among victims and perpetrators. Empirical evidence has shown that women who use alcohol (Davis et al, 2017;Khaironisak et al, 2017;Kingston et al, 2016;Myers et al, 2018), tobacco (Khaironisak et al, 2017;Lima et al, 2016;Myers et al, 2018) and illicit drug use during pregnancy are at high risk of p-IPV exposure (Gilbert et al, 2012;Khaironisak et al, 2017). Hazardous drinking is associated with prenatal severe physical violence among adolescents (Viellas et al, 2013), and crack or cocaine abuse is associated with an increased likelihood of IPV and severe emotional and sexual abuse (Gilbert et al, 2012).…”

Fatores Associados À Violência Doméstica Na Gestação Em Adolescentes E Adultas, Em Feira De Santana, Bahia

“…Na gestação pode ocorrer o aumento da frequência da violência contra a mulher e muitas vezes iniciar nesse período. A literatura destaca alguns fatores que associam violência doméstica com a gestação, como a baixa escolaridade, baixa renda familiar gravidez na adolescência, desemprego da gestante e do parceiro, consumo de álcool pelo parceiro, abuso sexual na infância, história prévia de violência doméstica e eventos estressantes de vida , multigestações, parceiros sem religiões, ter filhos de outros parceiros, história familiar de violência , idade mais elevada do parceiro (AUDI et al, 2008;SANTOS et al, 2010;SEMAHEGN et al, 2013;BAGCIOGLU et al, 2013;FAGEEH, 2014;SGOBERO et al, 2015 ;Lima et al, 2016 ).…”