Domes, arches and urchins: The skeletal architecture of echinoids (Echinodermata)

Telford, Malcolm

doi:10.1007/bf00312146

Cited by 62 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Bending in the axial direction can break the layer by simply pulling the first order lamellae apart from each other, while bending in the transverse direction cannot break the layer without breaking each first order lamellae across its long axis (Currey and Kohn, 1976). The bending tendency of the plates will depend on the boundary conditions at the ambitus (Telford, 1985). Possible ''abutment'' effects of the girdle and concave substratum, and ''tie rod'' effects of the muscular system will both increase the bending tendency.…”

Section: The Biomechanical Role Of the Inherent Materiality Of The Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional structure of the shell plate assembly of the chiton Tonicella marmorea and its biomechanical consequences

Connors

Ehrlich

Hog

et al. 2012

Journal of Structural Biology

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Section: The Biomechanical Role Of the Inherent Materiality Of The Inmentioning

confidence: 98%

Three-dimensional structure of the shell plate assembly of the chiton Tonicella marmorea and its biomechanical consequences

Connors

Ehrlich

Hog

et al. 2012

Journal of Structural Biology

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“…The rigidity of the [test] is more apparent than real, for the entire structure is, in a sluggish way, plastic..." (Thompson, 1917;p. 662) Thompson's (Thompson, 1917) insightful discussion of the mechanical forces influencing the morphogenesis of the echinoderm test has influenced several models of test growth and morphology (Raup, 1968;Seilacher, 1979;Telford, 1985;Dafni, 1986;Baron, 1991;Ellers, 1993;Abou Chakra and Stone, 2008;Zachos, 2009). Although these approaches can account for much of the shape variation observed among taxa, the plastic nature of the shape of the test has not been demonstrated experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substratum cavities affect growth-plasticity, allometry, movement and feeding rates in the sea urchinStrongylocentrotus purpuratus

Hernández

Russell

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYWe assessed the influence of rock cavities, or pits, on the growth dynamics and behavior of the purple sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. In a paired-designed, laboratory experiment, sea urchins were assigned to sandstone blocks that were either 'Flat' or had a 'Pit' drilled into the center. At the start, both groups were approximately the same shape and size. In just 2 months, the shapes of the tests were significantly different between the two treatments, with the Pit urchins having an increased height:diameter profile. This result demonstrates the plastic nature of the sea urchin test and that, despite its apparent rigidity, it is capable of deforming during growth. In addition, the presence of pits modified behavior and food consumption as well as allometric growth of the test and Aristotle's lantern. Sea urchins on Pit sandstone blocks tended to stay in the cavities and not move about the flat areas, whereas individuals on Flat blocks changed position. Sea urchins in the Pit treatment consumed less food and had relatively larger demipyramids (the 'jaw' ossicle in Aristotle's lantern). These morphological and allometric changes occurred over a short time-period (8-20 weeks). We conclude that microhabitat is an important factor in controlling the behavior and growth dynamics of the bioeroding sea urchin S. purpuratus.

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“…Moss and Mehan 1968;Raup 1968;Seilacher 1979; Telford 1985;Phillipi and Nachtigall 1996;Zachos 2009;Chakra and Stone 2011;Mihaljević et al 2011). Moss and Mehan 1968;Raup 1968;Seilacher 1979; Telford 1985;Phillipi and Nachtigall 1996;Zachos 2009;Chakra and Stone 2011;Mihaljević et al 2011).…”

Section: Structural Analysis and Modeling Of Echinoids And Crinoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Lightweight Structures

2015

Biologically-Inspired Systems

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Motto: Structure and function of biological systems as inspiration for technical developments Throughout evolution, nature has constantly been called upon to act as an engineer in solving technical problems. Organisms have evolved an immense variety of shapes and structures from macro down to the nanoscale. Zoologists and botanists have collected a huge amount of information about the structure and functions of biological materials and systems. This information can be also utilized to mimic biological solutions in further technical developments. The most important feature of the evolution of biological systems is multiple origins of similar solutions in different lineages of living organisms. These examples should be the best candidates for biomimetics. This book series will deal with topics related to structure and function in biological systems and show how knowledge from biology can be used for technical developments in engineering and materials science. It is intended to accelerate interdisciplinary research on biological functional systems and to promote technical developments. Documenting of the advances in the field will be important for fellow scientists, students, public officials, and for the public in general. Each of the books in this series is expected to provide a comprehensive, authoritative synthesis of the topic.More information about this series at

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Domes, arches and urchins: The skeletal architecture of echinoids (Echinodermata)

Cited by 62 publications

References 11 publications

Three-dimensional structure of the shell plate assembly of the chiton Tonicella marmorea and its biomechanical consequences

Three-dimensional structure of the shell plate assembly of the chiton Tonicella marmorea and its biomechanical consequences

Substratum cavities affect growth-plasticity, allometry, movement and feeding rates in the sea urchinStrongylocentrotus purpuratus

Evolution of Lightweight Structures

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