“…Chen and Lu (2016) for a mathematical analysis of the divide-and-conquer method, based on the analysis tools developed in . Further developments of the divide-and-conquer method and related domain decomposition type method can be found in Yang and Lee (1995), , , Barrault, Cancès, Hager and Le Bris (2007) and Bencteux et al (2008). A great advantage of the method lies in the intrinsic parallelism of the computation for each subsystem, which has been utilized for large-scale calculations with more than 10 6 atoms and 10 12 electronic degrees of freedom (Kobayashi and Nakai 2009, Ohba et al 2012, Shimojo, Kalia, Nakano and Vashishta 2008, Shimojo et al 2011.…”