Domain conservation in several volvocalean cell wall proteins

Woessner, Jeffrey P.; Molendijk, Arthur J.; Egmond, P. van; Klis, Frans M.; Goodenough, Ursula; Haring, Michel A.

doi:10.1007/bf00028861

Cited by 32 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…reinhardti contains a proteinaceous cell wall that is rich in sulfated, Hyp-containing glycoproteins or HRGPs (Miller et al, 1972(Miller et al, , 1974Roberts, 1974;Catt et al, 1976;Roberts et al, 1980;Adair and Apt, 1990;Ferris et al, 2001); these proteins often contain SerPro and/or X-(Pro) 3 repeat units, are frequently rich in Cys residues (Adair and Apt, 1990;Woessner and Goodenough, 1992;Woessner et al, 1994;Rodriguez et al, 1999;Suzuki et al, 2000), although not always (Woessner and Goodenough, 1989), and specific Figure 4. Accumulation of mRNA encoding Ecp76, Ecp88, arylsulfatase (Ars2), and ATP sulfurylase (Ats1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 18S rRNA probe was used to confirm equal RNA loading. HRGP family members are present in vegetative cells, gametes, and zygotes of the various members of the volvocales (Woessner et al, 1994;Rodriguez et al, 1999;Suzuki et al, 2000;). The cell wall HRGPs form a crystal structure with a central trilaminar morphology embedded in a meshwork of fibrils (Hills et al, 1975;Goodenough and Heuser, 1985;Goodenough et al, 1986;Adair et al, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substitution of sulfur-rich cell wall components (e.g. a number of the cell wall polypeptides in zygotes and vegetative cells contain several methionines and cysteines; Adair and Appel, 1989;Woessner et al, 1994;Rodriguez et al, 1999;Suzuki et al, 2000) with polypeptides that have either no or few sulfur-containing amino acids is likely to help conserve sulfur during periods of need and possibly allow for reallocation of sulfur present in dominant cell wall polypeptides of unstarved cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alignment of Ecp76 and Ecp88 reveals conserved regions scattered along the entire length of the polypeptides, suggesting that these polypeptides serve a similar function. Although searching databases did not uncover polypeptides with strong sequence similarities to Ecp76 or Ecp88 over their entire lengths, it did reveal significant matches with regions of Hyp-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) of plants and algae (Waffenschmidt et al, 1993;Woessner et al, 1994;Rodriguez et al, 1999). The discrepancy between the apparent molecular masses determined by SDS-PAGE and the masses deduced from the cDNA sequence suggest that Ecp76 and Ecp88 are modified; previous work established that most of the C. reinhardtii extracellular polypeptides are glycosylated (Goodenough and Heuser, 1985;de Hostos et al, 1988;Adair and Snell, 1990;Ferris et al, 2001;A.R.…”

Section: Cdnas For Ecp76 and Ecp88mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ecp88 contains no sulfur amino acids, whereas Ecp76 contains a single Met (and no Cys residues; Table II). Furthermore, both polypeptides are highly enriched for Leu, Ala, Gly, and Pro; a high proportion of these amino acids are present in several of the HRGPs (Adair and Appel, 1989;Woessner and Goodenough, 1989;Adair and Apt, 1990;Woessner et al, 1994).…”

Section: Cdnas For Ecp76 and Ecp88mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur Economy and Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Sulfur Limitation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2001

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We have identified two novel periplasmic/cell wall polypeptides that specifically accumulate during sulfur limitation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. These polypeptides, present at high levels in the extracellular polypeptide fraction from a sulfur-deprived, cell wall-minus C. reinhardtii strain, have apparent molecular masses of 76 and 88 kD and are designated Ecp76 and Ecp88. N-terminal sequences of these polypeptides facilitated the isolation of full-length Ecp76 and Ecp88 cDNAs. Ecp76 and Ecp88 polypeptides are deduced to be 583 and 595 amino acids, respectively. Their amino acid sequences are similar to each other, with features characteristic of cell wall-localized hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins; the N terminus of each polypeptide contains a predicted signal sequence, whereas the C terminus is rich in proline, alanine, and serine. Ecp76 and Ecp88 have either no (Ecp88) or one (Ecp76) sulfur-containing amino acid and transcripts encoding these polypeptides are not detected in cultures maintained on complete medium, but accumulate when cells are deprived of sulfur. This accumulation is temporally delayed relative to the accumulation of sulfur stress-induced arylsulfatase and ATP sulfurylase transcripts. The addition of sulfate back to sulfur-starved cultures caused a rapid decline in Ecp76 and Ecp88 mRNAs (half lives Ͻ 10 min). Furthermore, the C. reinhardtii sac1 mutant, which lacks a regulatory protein critical for acclimation to sulfur limitation, does not accumulate Ecp76 or Ecp88 transcripts. These results suggest that the Ecp76 and Ecp88 genes are under SacI control, and that restructuring of the C. reinhardtii cell wall during sulfur limitation may be important for redistribution of internal and efficient utilization of environmental sulfur-containing molecules.Sulfur is an essential macronutrient that is taken up by plant, algal, and microbial cells, primarily as the inorganic sulfate anion. Limitations for sulfur in the environment can inhibit plant growth and productivity (Grossman and Takahashi, 2001). However, plants are able to acclimate to sulfur-limited growth conditions by synthesizing enzymes that function in the efficient acquisition and utilization of both external and internal sulfur sources. Sulfur limitation may promote expression of genes encoding sulfatases and high-affinity sulfate transporters in both plants and algae (de Hostos et al., 1989;Yildiz et al., 1994;Smith et al., 1997;Takahashi et al., 2000). In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Volvox carteri, an extracellular arylsulfatase (encoded by the Ars1 and Ars2 genes in C. reinhardtii) can facilitate utilization of exogenous, esterified sulfate (de Hostos et al., 1988; Hallman and Sumper, 1994;Davies and Grossman, 1998). The induction of genes encoding ATP sulfurylase (Ats1), adenosine 5Ј-phosphosulfate reductase (adenosine 5Ј-phosphosulfate sulfotransferase), and Ser acetyltransferase during sulfur-limited growth may facilitate reduction of sulfate and the synthesis of Cys and Met (Gutierrez-Marcos et al., 1996;Setya et al., 199...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cdnas For Ecp76 and Ecp88mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cdnas For Ecp76 and Ecp88mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sulfur Economy and Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Sulfur Limitation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

2001

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Non‐Enzymic Cell Wall (glyco)Proteins

Johnson

Schultz

Bacic

2018

Annual Plant Reviews Online

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Enzymatic cell disruption of microalgae biomass in biorefinery processes

Demuez

Mahdy

Tomás‐Pejó

et al. 2015

Biotech & Bioengineering

142

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When employing biotechnological processes for the procurement of biofuels and bio-products from microalgae, one of the most critical steps affecting economy and yields is the "cell disruption" stage. Currently, enzymatic cell disruption has delivered effective and cost competitive results when compared to mechanical and chemical cell disruption methods. However, the introduction of enzymes implies additional associated cost within the overall process. In order to reduce this cost, autolysis of microalgae is proposed as alternative enzymatic cell disruption method. This review aims to provide the state of the art of enzymatic cell disruption treatments employed in biorefinery processes and highlights the use of endopeptidases. During the enzymatic processes of microalgae life cycle, some lytic enzymes involved in cell division and programmed cell death have been proven useful in performing cell lysis. In this context, the role of endopeptidases is emphasized. Mirroring these natural events, an alternative cell disruption approach is proposed and described with the potential to induce the autolysis process using intrinsic cell enzymes. Integrating induced autolysis within biofuel production processes offers a promising approach to reduce overall global costs and energetic input associated with those of current cell disruption methods. A number of options for further inquiry are also discussed.

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Domain conservation in several volvocalean cell wall proteins

Cited by 32 publications

References 58 publications

Sulfur Economy and Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Sulfur Limitation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Sulfur Economy and Cell Wall Biosynthesis during Sulfur Limitation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Non‐Enzymic Cell Wall (glyco)Proteins

Enzymatic cell disruption of microalgae biomass in biorefinery processes

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