“…On the one hand, the authors consider that PBSTL facilitates a meaningful understanding of important science concepts and core scientific ideas ( [1,17,22,25,29,36,43,47]). On the other hand, they argue that this approach promotes the development of S&T skills and competencies: scientific inquiry, technological capability, design process and problem-solving skills ( [1,4,10,12,16,17,19,22,23,26,29,30,33,36,43,47]).…”