Dogs and Cats: Reservoirs for Highly Diverse Campylobacter jejuni and a Potential Source of Human Exposure

Thépault, Amandine; Rose, Valérie; Queguiner, Marilyne; Chemaly, Marianne; Rivoal, Katell

doi:10.3390/ani10050838

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…C. jejuni has been reported as the most predominant species, whereas C. coli showed mostly lower rates. Compared with our results, Thèpault et al [ 54 ] and Karama et al [ 55 ] reported a higher prevalence of C. jejuni (24.4% and 29.1%, respectively), but lower values regarding C. coli (2.6% and 5.4%, respectively). In Slovakia, Badlìk et al [ 56 ] isolated C. jejuni and C. coli with a prevalence of 51.2% and 9.8%, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Presence of Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies

Santaniello

Varriale

Dipineto

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli in dogs at five dog training centers in Southern Italy. A total of 550 animals were sampled by collecting rectal swabs. The samples were processed to detect thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. by culture and molecular methods. Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 135/550 (24.5–95% confidence interval) dogs. A total of 84 C. jejuni (62.2%) and 51 C. coli (37.8%) isolates were identified using conventional PCR. The dog data (age, sex, breed, and eating habits) were examined by two statistical analyses using the C. jejuni and C. coli status (positive or negative) as dependent variables. Dogs fed home-cooked food showed a higher risk of being positive for C. jejuni than dogs fed dry or canned meat for dogs (50.0%; p < 0.01). Moreover, purebred dogs had a significantly higher risk than crossbred dogs for C. coli positivity (16.4%; p < 0.01). This is the first study on the prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli in dogs frequenting dog training centers for animal-assisted therapies (AATs). Our findings emphasize the potential zoonotic risk for patients and users involved in AATs settings and highlight the need to carry out ad hoc health checks and to pay attention to the choice of the dog, as well as eating habits, in order to minimize the risk of infection.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Presence of Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies

Santaniello

Varriale

Dipineto

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Further, C. jejuni is associated with several sequelae including reactive arthritis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome and prolonged exposure in infants is associated with growth deficits [7][8][9]. Although considered a foodborne pathogen in humans, C. jejuni can be acquired from a wide range of sources including retail meats, raw milk, companion animals, fecal contamination, wild birds and other environmental reservoirs [10,11]. C. jejuni is also increasingly viewed as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes in both the environment and the food supply chain [2,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing for Food Animal Source Attribution of Human Campylobacter jejuni Infections

et al. 2020

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Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen and common cause of bacterial enteritis worldwide. A total of 622 C. jejuni isolates recovered from food animals and retail meats in the United States through the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System between 2013 and 2017 were sequenced using an Illumina MiSeq. Sequences were combined with WGS data of 222 human isolates downloaded from NCBI and analyzed by core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) and traditional MLST. cgMLST allelic difference (AD) thresholds of 0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100 and 200 identified 828, 734, 652, 543, 422, 298 and 197 cgMLST types among the 844 isolates, respectively, and traditional MLST identified 174 ST. The cgMLST scheme allowing an AD of 200 (cgMLST200) revealed strong correlation with MLST. cgMLST200 showed 40.5% retail chicken isolates, 56.5% swine, 77.4% dairy cattle and 78.9% beef cattle isolates shared cgMLST sequence type with human isolates. All ST-8 had the same cgMLST200 type (cgMLST200-12) and 74.3% of ST-8 and 75% cgMLST200-12 were confirmed as sheep abortion virulence clones by PorA analysis. Twenty-nine acquired resistance genes, including 21 alleles of blaOXA, tetO, aph(3′)-IIIa, ant(6)-Ia, aadE, aad9, aph(2′)-Ig, aph(2′)-Ih, sat4 plus mutations in gyrA, 23SrRNA and L22 were identified. Resistance genotypes were strongly linked with cgMLST200 type for certain groups including 12/12 cgMLST200-510 with the A103V substitution in L22 and 10/11 cgMLST200-608 with the T86I GyrA substitution associated with macrolide and quinolone resistance, respectively. In summary, the cgMLST200 threshold scheme combined with resistance genotype information could provide an excellent subtyping scheme for source attribution of human C. jejuni infections.

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“…Several studies reported that puppies had a high prevalence in comparison with the adult dogs (Parsons et al 2010;Leonard et al 2011;Rahimi et al 2012;Kumar et al 2012;Holmberg et al 2015;Selwet et al 2015;Thépault et al 2020), this may be an indication that they lack prior exposure to the immune system. There is no proof of any sex or animal breed predispositions in the literature published so far.…”

Section: Factors Associated With Campylobacter Spp Prevalence In Dogs Signalmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Campylobacter Infections in Dogs

2021

Int J Vet Sci

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Campylobacter spp. are important bacterial enteropathogens that cause diarrhea in dogs with the predominant species being Campylobacter jejuni, C. helveticus, and C. upsaliensis. Although campylobacteriosis is subclinical in many dogs, some may develop moderate to mild enteritis. Puppies, kenneled dogs, and dogs with concurrent conditions are highly susceptible to Campylobacter-associated diarrhea. Diagnosis of suspected Campylobacter-associated diarrhea in dogs poses a challenge to veterinarians as the fecal enteric panels are costly, require technical knowledge, and are time consuming, however molecular approaches for diagnosing the Campylobacter spp. infections are becoming readily available and can help in accurate and fast diagnosis. Campylobacter spp. are amongst the prioritized human and animal pathogens with regards to antimicrobial resistance. The rise and spread of antimicrobial resistance threatens the effective treatment and control of Campylobacter infections. Multi-drug resistance Campylobacter spp. have been isolated from dogs therefore treatment should only be administered where necessary. In conclusion, understanding the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and zoonotic potential of Campylobacter spp. will enable small animal practitioners include them among the differential diagnoses of diarrheic diseases in dogs.

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Dogs and Cats: Reservoirs for Highly Diverse Campylobacter jejuni and a Potential Source of Human Exposure

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Presence of Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies

Presence of Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies

Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing for Food Animal Source Attribution of Human Campylobacter jejuni Infections

A Review of Campylobacter Infections in Dogs

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