Does vitamin D status impact mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Marik, Paul E.; Kory, Pierre; Varon, Joseph

doi:10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100041

Cited by 131 publications

(156 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Rhodes et al 75 also indicated that it would be reasonable to consider vitamin D supplementation to protect musculoskeletal health in those at risk of deficiency due to being housebound. Moreover, Marik et al 76 suggested that vitamin D deficiency may partly explain the geographic variations in the reported case fatality rate of COVID‐19, indicating that supplementation with vitamin D may reduce the mortality from this pandemic. In addition, significant relationship was observed between vitamin D levels and the number COVID‐19 cases and especially the mortality caused by this infection 77 .…”

Section: Interplay Between Vitamin D and Ace2: Proposed Potential Thementioning

confidence: 99%

A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for COVID‐19

Mahdavi

2020

Reviews in Medical Virology

119

108

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Summary The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is rapidly expanding and causing many deaths all over the world with the World Health Organization (WHO) declaring a pandemic in March 2020. Current therapeutic options are limited and there is no registered and/or definite treatment or vaccine for this disease or the causative infection, severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 syndrome (SARS‐CoV‐2). Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a part of the renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), serves as the major entry point into cells for SARS‐CoV‐2 which attaches to human ACE2, thereby reducing the expression of ACE2 and causing lung injury and pneumonia. Vitamin D, a fat‐soluble‐vitamin, is a negative endocrine RAS modulator and inhibits renin expression and generation. It can induce ACE2/Ang‐(1‐7)/MasR axis activity and inhibits renin and the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, thereby increasing expression and concentration of ACE2, MasR and Ang‐(1‐7) and having a potential protective role against acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, targeting the unbalanced RAS and ACE2 down‐regulation with vitamin D in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is a potential therapeutic approach to combat COVID‐19 and induced ARDS.

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Section: Interplay Between Vitamin D and Ace2: Proposed Potential Thementioning

confidence: 99%

A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for COVID‐19

Mahdavi

2020

Reviews in Medical Virology

119

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is intriguing that although viral infection by COVID-19 results in a wide spectrum of symptoms, approximately 80% of patients have few or no symptoms [15] What differentiates asymptomatic patients from those who will have severe conditions? In addition to age, being male and having co-morbidities such as diabetes, obesity and hypertension, are there other factors in the lifestyle that may favour a greater severity of the disease in some more than in others?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What are the differences between these people's lifestyle habits? Despite the fact that the disease is still very recent, what calls attention in COVID-19 is the huge variation in the mortality rate of cases reported between countries and even between regions of the same country [15]. While these differences may, in part, be related to variations in case de nitions, reporting and surveillance, they can also be attributed to underlying physiological reasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these differences may, in part, be related to variations in case de nitions, reporting and surveillance, they can also be attributed to underlying physiological reasons. It is likely that several factors, including age, co-morbidities, race, access to health care, genetic factors, as well as lifestyle and the complex interactions among these factors, determine the clinical course after exposure to SARS-CoV-2 [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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COVID-19: Does lifestyle intervention improve the course of the disease? A case series and literature review

Rios

Chen

2020

Preprint

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The new disease COVID-19 is associated with high mortality, as the virus attacks our defences and our immune system. Despite the amount of research by scientists from around the world, currently, no specific antiviral treatment is recommended, and no vaccine is available. However, there is already robust research showing how to improve our immune systems through a balanced diet and lifestyle intervention in order to fight against the virus. We report a series of 10 cases of patients with COVID-19 from a poor community in Brazil who were monitored by telephone due to the lack of resources in the public health system. They received conventional medical drugs and were additionally instructed to change their eating patterns as well their lifestyles. These patients showed favourable results in their illnesses. Lifestyle interventions with balanced nutrition are not antagonistic to traditional medicine. They interact harmoniously to achieve a positive result faster. Although today we know little about the treatment of COVID-19 with drugs, we know a lot about how to improve our immune systems to help our bodies in this battle against COVID-19. Until new treatments and effective vaccines are discovered, perhaps we can revisit the teachings of the father of medicine, who 2500 years ago spoke of the importance of lifestyle interventions such as changes in nutrition, sleep and exercise for the prevention and treatment of diseases.

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“…Amino acid Thr is extensively involved in intracellular signalling changes through phosphorylation changes, and here we observed that cholecalciferol formed a strong hydrogen bond with Thr residues and could potentially block the phosphorylation of Thr residue in SARS-CoV-2 3CL pro enzyme. There is evidence that serious SARS-CoV-2 infected cases have reported severe vitamin D de ciency and thus therapeutic concentrations of this molecule could potentially be used clinically in SARS-CoV-2 cases [51,52].…”

Section: Docking Study Of Sars-cov-2 3cl Pro Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving geographic diversity in SARS-CoV2 and in silico analysis of replicating enzyme 3CLpro targeting repurposed drug candidates

Chitranshi

Gupta

Rajput

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has been initiating pandemics since the beginning of the century. In December 2019, the world was hit again by a devastating SARS episode that has so far infected almost four million individuals worldwide, with over 200,000 fatalities having already occurred by mid-April 2020, and the infection rate continues to grow exponentially. SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a single stranded RNA pathogen which is characterised by a high mutation rate. It is vital to explore the mutagenic capability of the viral genome that enables SARS-CoV-2 to rapidly jump from one host immunity to another and adapt to the genetic pool of local populations. Methods: For this study, we analysed 2,301 complete viral sequences reported from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. SARS-CoV-2 host genomes were collected from The Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database containing 9 genomes from pangolin-CoV origin and 3 genomes from bat-CoV origin, Wuhan SARS-CoV2 reference genome was collected from GeneBank database. The Multiple sequence alignment tool, Clustal Omega was used for genomic sequence alignment. The viral replicating enzyme, 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease (3CLpro) that plays a key role in its pathogenicity was used to assess its affinity with pharmacological inhibitors and repurposed drugs such as anti-viral flavones, biflavanoids, anti-malarial drugs and vitamin supplements. Results: Our results demonstrate that bat-CoV shares >96% similar identity, while pangolin-CoV shares 85.98% identity with Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 genome. This in-depth analysis has identified 12 novel recurrent mutations in South American and African viral genomes out of which 3 were unique in South America, 4 unique in Africa and 5 were present in-patient isolates from both populations. Using state of the art in silico approaches, this study further investigates the interaction of repurposed drugs with the SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro enzyme, which regulates viral replication machinery. Conclusions: Overall, this study provides insights into the evolving mutations, with implications to understand viral pathogenicity and possible new strategies for repurposing compounds to combat the nCovid-19 pandemic.

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Does vitamin D status impact mortality from SARS-CoV-2 infection?

Cited by 131 publications

References 14 publications

A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for COVID‐19

A brief review of interplay between vitamin D and angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2: Implications for a potential treatment for COVID‐19

COVID-19: Does lifestyle intervention improve the course of the disease? A case series and literature review

Evolving geographic diversity in SARS-CoV2 and in silico analysis of replicating enzyme 3CLpro targeting repurposed drug candidates

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