Does Touching a Projection Augmented Model and Interacting with it using a Spatially-Coincident Device, Affect a User's Perception of its Size?

Bennett, Emily; Stevens, Brett

doi:10.3127/ajis.v11i2.131

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 25 publications

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“…Moreover, it has been shown that touching a PA model can increase the degree of accuracy with which its geometric properties (e.g., size and shape) are perceived (Bennett & Stevens, 2004). PA models can also provide some haptic feedback for the material properties of the object that it is representing.…”

Section: Background: Projection Augmented Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect that the Visual and Haptic Problems Associated with Touching a Projection Augmented Model Have on Object-Presence

Bennett

Stevens

2006

Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments

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A projection augmented model (PA model) is a type of haptic augmented reality display. It consists of a real physical model, onto which a computer image is projected to create a realistic looking object. Thus, a PA model creates the illusion of actually being the object that it represents, as opposed to a white model and a projected image. Users can physically touch the surface of a PA model with their bare hands, which has experiential value for the types of applications for which they are being developed. However, the majority of PA models do not provide haptic feedback for material properties such as texture, and hence feel incorrect when they are touched. In addition, most PA models are front-projected which means the projected image appears on the back of the user's hand, and their hand casts a shadow on the display. Previous research has found that touching this type of PA model reduces a user's sense of object presence. The empirical study reported in this paper investigated which of the problems had a greater effect on object presence. It was found that object presence was significantly higher when correct haptic feedback for material properties was provided; however eliminating the visual projection problems rarely affected object presence. These results have implications for the direction in which PA model technology should be developed. They also have implications for theory on how the haptic and visual senses contribute to a person's sense of object presence, and indeed presence. Background: Projection Augmented ModelsA projection augmented model (PA model) is a type of projection based haptic augmented reality display. It consists of a physical three-dimensional model, onto which a computer image is projected to create a realistic looking object. For example, the PA model in Figure 1 consists of smooth white plaster models of various objects that are commonly found in a garden shed (Bennett & Stevens, 2005). The image projected onto these objects provides color and visual texture, which makes them appear to be made from different materials. The PA model shown in Figure 1 is front-projected. However, if a semi-*Correspondence to emily.bennett@port.ac.uk.

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Section: Background: Projection Augmented Modelsmentioning

confidence: 98%